John 17:12 to Psalms 41:9

NT Text: John 17:12

OT Source(s):

• Psalms 41:9 (applied to Judas in John 13:18)
• Psalms 69:25 (cited in Acts 1:20)
• Isaiah 57:4 (character sense)
• Isaiah 34:5 (destiny sense)
• Matthew 23:15; 1QS IX, 16; X, 19; CD-A VI, 15; XIII, 14 (Semitism parallels)

Source: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Reference Type: Allusion

Connection Method(s): Promise-Fulfillment + Typology

Significance: "Son of destruction" = Semitism (cf. Matthew 23:15; Dead Sea texts). Could refer to Judas's character (Isaiah 57:4 LXX; Jubilees 10:3) or destiny (Isaiah 34:5 LXX). In keeping with Johannine theodicy (12:38-40), even Judas's betrayal said to occur "in order for Scripture to be fulfilled." Doesn't alter Judas making decision as responsible agent (Mark 14:21/Matthew 26:24). God sovereignly overrode Judas's evil to bring about good purposes (cf. Genesis 50:20).

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