Romans 14:11 to Isaiah 45:23

NT Text: Romans 14:11

OT Source(s):

• Isaiah 45:23 (Every knee shall bow, every tongue shall swear)
• Multiple texts with oath formula "As I live" (Num 14:28; Isa 49:18; Jer 22:24; Ezek 5:11; etc.)

Source: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Reference Type: Direct Quotation

Connection Method(s): Promise-Fulfillment + Longitudinal Theme

Significance: Paul substitutes Ezekiel's oath formula for Isaiah's lengthy asseveration. Isaiah context is salvific - God calls all nations to turn and be saved. Paul applies this to final judgment where all will confess God/Christ. Identifies Christ with YHWH (see Phil 2:10-11).