Text: 1 Chronicles 5:3
OT Text Referred to: Genesis 46:8-9
Subject: Sons of Reuben
Source: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Reference Type: Echo
Connection Method(s): None
Significance: Genesis 46:8-9 records that "Reuben, Jacob's firstborn" went to Egypt with his sons "Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi." 1 Chronicles 5:3 reproduces this identical list: "The sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel: Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi." The Chronicler preserves the exact names but embeds them within a theological commentary (5:1-2) explaining why Reuben's birthright was transferred to Joseph's sons despite his firstborn status: "because Reuben defiled his father's bed." This interpretive framing, absent from Genesis 46, transforms the bare genealogical data into a lesson about the consequences of Reuben's sin (Gen 35:22) and the principle that election does not automatically follow birth order.