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← Genesis | ← Ch 30 | Ch 32 →


Introduction

Overview

Genesis 31 . 1 , Jacob , displeased with the envy of Laban and his sons , departs secretly; Genesis 31 . 19 , Rachel steals her father’s images; Genesis 31 . 22 , Laban pursues after him , and complains of the wrong; Genesis 31 . 34 , Rachel’s stratagem to hide the images; Genesis 31 . 36 , Jacob’s complaint of Laban; Genesis 31 . 43 , The covenant of Laban and Jacob at Galeed.

Verse 1

Jacob . Genesis 31 . 8 , Genesis 31 . 9 , Job 31 . 31 , Psalm 57 . 4 , Psalm 64 . 3 , Psalm 64 . 4 , Psalm 120 . 3-5 , Proverbs 14 . 30 , Proverbs 27 . 4 , Ecclesiastes 4 . 4 , Ezekiel 16 . 44 , Titus 3 . 3

glory . "Glory" is here used for "wealth ," riches , or property; since those who possess riches , generally make them the subject of glory. The original word cavod , signifies both "glory" and "weight." Genesis 45 . 13 , Esther 5 . 11 , Job 31 . 24 , Job 31 . 25 , Psalm 17 . 14 , Psalm 49 . 16 , Psalm 49 . 17 , Ecclesiastes 4 . 4 , Isaiah 5 . 14 , Jeremiah 9 . 23 , Matthew 4 . 8 , 1 Timothy 6 . 4 , 1 Peter 1 . 24

Reciprocal . Genesis 31 . 16 . which God Genesis 32 . 5 . have oxen Isaiah 10 . 3 . where Isaiah 16 . 14 . the glory

Verse 2

countenance . Genesis 4 . 5 , Deuteronomy 28 . 54 , 1 Samuel 18 . 9-11 , Daniel 3 . 19

it was . Genesis 30 . 27

as before . Heb. as yesterday and the day before , Exodus 4 . 10 , Deuteronomy 19 . 4 , 1 Samuel 19 . 7 , *marg.

Reciprocal . Genesis 31 . 5 . I see Joshua 3 . 4 . heretofore

Verse 3

Return . Genesis 28 . 15 , Genesis 28 . 20 , 21-29 . 15 , Genesis 32 . 9 , Genesis 35 . 1 , Genesis 46 . 2 , Genesis 46 . 3 , Genesis 50 . 24 , Psalm 46 . 1 , Psalm 50 . 15 , Psalm 90 . 15

land . Genesis 31 . 13 , Genesis 31 . 18 , Genesis 13 . 15 , Genesis 26 . 3-5 , Genesis 28 . 4 , Genesis 28 . 13 , Genesis 28 . 15 , Genesis 30 . 25

with thee . Genesis 21 . 22 , Genesis 26 . 24 , Genesis 28 . 15 , Genesis 32 . 9 , Isaiah 41 . 10 , Hebrews 13 . 5

Reciprocal . Genesis 31 . 5 . I see Genesis 31 . 27 . Wherefore Genesis 31 . 28 . foolishly Genesis 35 . 3 . was with Genesis 35 . 9 . General Exodus 3 . 12 . Certainly

Verse 4

Reciprocal . Genesis 29 . 16 . was Leah

Verse 5

I see . Genesis 31 . 2 , Genesis 31 . 3

the God . Genesis 31 . 3 , Genesis 31 . 13 , Genesis 31 . 42 , Genesis 31 . 53 , Genesis 32 . 9 , Genesis 48 . 15 , Genesis 50 . 17

Reciprocal . Genesis 4 . 5 . wroth Genesis 26 . 24 . I am the Genesis 31 . 11 . the angel

Verse 6

Genesis 31 . 38-42 , Genesis 30 . 29 , Ephesians 6 . 5-8 , Colossians 3 . 22-25 , Titus 2 . 9 , Titus 2 . 10 , 1 Peter 2 . 18

Reciprocal . Genesis 30 . 26 . for thou Ephesians 6 . 7 . good

Verse 7

ten times . The Hebrew , âsereth monim , is literally , as Aquila renders , "ten numbers;" and Symmachus , "ten times in number;" which probably implies an indefinite number. . See note on Genesis 31 . 41. Leviticus 26 . 26 , Numbers 14 . 22 , Nehemiah 4 . 12 , Job 19 . 8 , Isaiah 4 . 1 , Zechariah 8 . 23

God . Genesis 31 . 29 , Genesis 20 . 6 , Job 1 . 10 , Psalm 37 . 28 , Psalm 105 . 14 , Psalm 105 . 15 , Isaiah 54 . 17

Reciprocal . Genesis 29 . 15 . tell me Genesis 30 . 43 . General Job 19 . 3 . ten times Daniel 1 . 20 . ten

Verse 8

Genesis 30 . 32

Reciprocal . Genesis 30 . 43 . General Genesis 31 . 1 . Jacob

Verse 9

Genesis 31 . 1 , Genesis 31 . 16 , Esther 8 . 1 , Esther 8 . 2 , Psalm 50 . 10 , Proverbs 13 . 22 , Matthew 20 . 15

Reciprocal . Genesis 30 . 35 . the hand Genesis 30 . 37 . Jacob Genesis 30 . 39 . brought forth Genesis 32 . 14 . General Exodus 11 . 2 . borrow Psalm 107 . 38 . suffereth

Verse 10

a dream . Genesis 31 . 24 , Genesis 20 . 6 , Genesis 28 . 12 , Numbers 12 . 6 , Deuteronomy 13 . 1 , 1 Kings 3 . 5

rams . or , he-goats

ringstreaked . Genesis 30 . 39

grisled . The original word , beroodim , from barad , "hail" means marked with white spots like hail; to which our word grisled , from the old French gresle , now grךle , hail , perfectly agrees; hence greslך , spotted with white on a dark ground.

Reciprocal . Genesis 30 . 32 . of such

Verse 11

the angel . Genesis 31 . 5 , Genesis 31 . 13 , Genesis 16 . 7-13 , Genesis 18 . 1 , Genesis 18 . 17 , Genesis 48 . 15 , Genesis 48 . 16

Here am I . Genesis 22 . 1 , Exodus 3 . 4 , 1 Samuel 3 . 4 , 1 Samuel 3 . 6 , 1 Samuel 3 . 8 , 1 Samuel 3 . 16 , Isaiah 58 . 9

Reciprocal . Genesis 16 . 10 . the angel Genesis 35 . 9 . General Numbers 12 . 6 . a dream Zechariah 1 . 9 . the angel Matthew 1 . 20 . in Acts 9 . 10 . Behold

Verse 12

Lift up . Genesis 30 . 37-43

I have seen . Genesis 31 . 42 , Exodus 3 . 7 , Exodus 3 . 9 , Leviticus 19 . 13 , Deuteronomy 24 . 15 , Psalm 12 . 5 , Psalm 139 . 3 , Ecclesiastes 5 . 8 , Acts 7 . 34 , Ephesians 6 . 9

Verse 13

the God . Genesis 28 . 12-22 , Genesis 35 . 7

return . Genesis 31 . 3 , Genesis 32 . 9

Reciprocal . Genesis 28 . 18 . set it Genesis 28 . 20 . vowed Genesis 30 . 25 . and to Genesis 31 . 5 . the God Genesis 31 . 11 . the angel Genesis 31 . 28 . foolishly Genesis 35 . 1 . Bethel

Verse 14

Rachel . Ruth 4 . 11

yet any . Genesis 2 . 24 , Genesis 29 . 24 , Genesis 29 . 29

Reciprocal . 2 Corinthians 12 . 14 . for the Ephesians 6 . 4 . ye

Verse 15

sold us . Genesis 31 . 41 , Genesis 29 . 15-20 , Genesis 29 . 27-30 , Genesis 30 . 26 , Exodus 21 . 7-11 , Nehemiah 5 . 8

Reciprocal . Genesis 2 . 24 . leave Genesis 29 . 30 . served Romans 9 . 8 . are counted 2 Corinthians 12 . 14 . for the Ephesians 6 . 4 . ye

Verse 16

which God . Genesis 31 . 1 , Genesis 31 . 9 , Genesis 30 . 35-43

whatsoever . Psalm 45 . 10

Reciprocal . Genesis 31 . 26 . carried Genesis 32 . 5 . have oxen Genesis 32 . 14 . General

Verse 17

upon camels . Genesis 24 . 10 , Genesis 24 . 61 , 1 Samuel 30 . 17

Reciprocal . Genesis 31 . 34 . had taken Genesis 45 . 19 . for your Genesis 46 . 5 . in the wagons

Verse 18

for to go . Genesis 27 . 1 , Genesis 27 . 2 , Genesis 27 . 41 , Genesis 28 . 21 , Genesis 35 . 27-29

Reciprocal . Genesis 25 . 20 . the Syrian Genesis 31 . 3 . land Genesis 35 . 26 . in Padanaram Genesis 45 . 19 . for your Genesis 46 . 5 . in the wagons Genesis 46 . 32 . shepherds Ecclesiastes 3 . 6 . time to get Hebrews 11 . 15 . mindful

Verse 19

images . Heb. teraphim , Genesis 31 . 30 , Genesis 31 . 32 , Genesis 35 . 2 , Joshua 24 . 2 , Judges 17 . 4 , Judges 17 . 5 , Judges 18 . 14-24 , Judges 18 . 31 , 1 Samuel 19 . 13 , Ezekiel 21 . 21 , Hosea 3 . 4 , These might have been images devoted to superstitious or idolatrous purposes , as they are termed gods by Laban , in Genesis 31 . 30. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan render it , tzalmanaya , "images;" the LXX and Theodoret , ויהןכןם [Strong's G1497] , "idols;" Aquilla , לןסצשלבפב , "figures;" and the Persian , asterlabha , "astrolabes."

Reciprocal . Genesis 24 . 38 . my father's Genesis 31 . 34 . had taken Genesis 38 . 12 . in process of time Deuteronomy 27 . 15 . and putteth 2 Kings 23 . 24 . images Isaiah 44 . 13 . that it may Zechariah 10 . 2 . the idols

Verse 20

unawares to Laban . Heb. the heart of Laban . See note on Genesis 31 . 27. Genesis 31 . 20

Reciprocal . Genesis 25 . 20 . the Syrian Deuteronomy 26 . 5 . A Syrian

Verse 21

passed . Genesis 2 . 14 , Genesis 15 . 18 , Joshua 24 . 2 , Joshua 24 . 3

set his . Genesis 46 . 28 , Numbers 24 . 1 , 2 Kings 12 . 17 , Jeremiah 50 . 5 , Luke 9 . 51-53

Gilead . Genesis 31 . 23 , Numbers 32 . 1 , Deuteronomy 3 . 12 , Joshua 13 . 8 , Joshua 13 . 9 , Judges 10 . 18 , 1 Kings 17 . 1

Reciprocal . Genesis 31 . 27 . Wherefore Genesis 37 . 25 . Gilead Genesis 41 . 1 . the river Deuteronomy 11 . 29 . General 2 Samuel 24 . 6 . Gilead Jeremiah 42 . 15 . If

Verse 22

Genesis 30 . 36 , Exodus 14 . 5-31] , Job 5 . 12 , Job 5 . 13

Verse 23

Genesis 13 . 8 , Genesis 24 . 27 , Exodus 2 . 11 , Exodus 2 . 13

Reciprocal . Genesis 31 . 21 . Gilead Genesis 31 . 32 . before Genesis 31 . 46 . brethren Genesis 31 . 48 . Galeed Genesis 37 . 25 . Ishmeelites 1 Chronicles 5 . 9 . Gilead 1 Chronicles 5 . 14 . Jaroah 1 Chronicles 5 . 16 . Gilead 1 Chronicles 12 . 29 . kindred Ezekiel 47 . 18 . from Gilead

Verse 24

the Syrian . Genesis 28 . 5 , Deuteronomy 26 . 5 , Hosea 12 . 12

dream . Genesis 31 . 10 , Genesis 31 . 29 , Genesis 20 . 3 , Genesis 40 . 5 , Genesis 41 . 1 , Numbers 12 . 6 , Numbers 22 . 20 , Numbers 22 . 26 , 1 Kings 3 . 5 , Job 33 . 15-17] , Job 33 . 25 , Matthew 1 . 20 , Matthew 2 . 12 , Matthew 27 . 19

Take heed . Genesis 31 . 42 , Genesis 24 . 50 , Numbers 24 . 13 , 2 Samuel 13 . 22 , Psalm 105 . 14 , Psalm 105 . 15 , Isaiah 37 . 29

either good or bad . Heb. from good to bad

Reciprocal . Genesis 25 . 20 . the Syrian Genesis 31 . 28 . foolishly Genesis 32 . 28 . with men Numbers 22 . 9 . God 1 Chronicles 16 . 21 . He suffered Job 4 . 13 . thoughts

Verse 25

Genesis 12 . 8 , Genesis 33 . 18 , Hebrews 11 . 9

Verse 26

What . Genesis 31 . 36 , Genesis 3 . 13 , Genesis 4 . 10 , Genesis 12 . 18 , Genesis 20 . 9 , Genesis 20 . 10 , Genesis 26 . 10 , Joshua 7 . 19 , 1 Samuel 14 . 43 , 1 Samuel 17 . 29 , John 18 . 35

carried . Genesis 31 . 16 , Genesis 2 . 24 , Genesis 34 . 29 , 1 Samuel 30 . 2

Reciprocal . Genesis 30 . 26 . my wives Genesis 31 . 31 . Because 2 Samuel 19 . 41 . stolen

Verse 27

Wherefore . Genesis 31 . 3-5 , Genesis 31 . 20 , Genesis 31 . 21 , Genesis 31 . 31 , Judges 6 . 27

steal away from me . Heb. hast stolen me , Genesis 31 . 20 , *marg.

that I . Proverbs 26 . 23-26

with mirth . Genesis 24 . 59 , Genesis 24 . 60 , Job 21 . 11-14

tabret . Exodus 15 . 20

Reciprocal . Genesis 4 . 21 . the harp 2 Samuel 19 . 3 . steal 2 Samuel 19 . 41 . stolen Job 17 . 6 . as a tabret Job 21 . 12 . General Isaiah 5 . 12 . the harp Isaiah 30 . 32 . every place Amos 6 . 5 . to the

Verse 28

kiss . Genesis 31 . 55 , Genesis 29 . 13 , Exodus 4 . 27 , Ruth 1 . 9 , Ruth 1 . 14 , 1 Kings 19 . 20 , Acts 20 . 37

foolishly . Genesis 31 . 3 , Genesis 31 . 13 , Genesis 31 . 24 , 1 Samuel 13 . 13 , 2 Chronicles 16 . 9 , 1 Corinthians 2 . 14

Reciprocal . Exodus 18 . 7 . kissed

Verse 29

the power . Psalm 52 . 1 , John 19 . 10 , John 19 . 11

the God . Genesis 31 . 42 , Genesis 31 . 53 , Genesis 28 . 13 , Joshua 24 . 2 , Joshua 24 . 3 , 2 Kings 19 . 10 , Daniel 2 . 47 , Daniel 3 . 28 , Daniel 6 . 20 , Daniel 6 . 26

yesternight . Genesis 31 . 24

Take . Acts 5 . 38 , Acts 5 . 39 , Acts 9 . 5

Reciprocal . Genesis 24 . 50 . we Genesis 31 . 7 . God Genesis 32 . 9 . O God 2 Samuel 13 . 22 . neither good 1 Chronicles 16 . 21 . He suffered Proverbs 3 . 27 . in the Micah 2 . 1 . because Matthew 27 . 19 . his

Verse 30

my gods . Genesis 31 . 19 , Exodus 12 . 12 , Numbers 33 . 4 , Judges 6 . 31 , Judges 18 . 24 , 1 Samuel 5 . 2-6] , 2 Samuel 5 . 21 , Isaiah 37 . 19 , Isaiah 46 . 1 , Isaiah 46 . 2 , Jeremiah 10 . 11 , Jeremiah 43 . 12

Reciprocal . Genesis 31 . 32 . whomsoever Numbers 10 . 30 . General Deuteronomy 12 . 20 . I will Joshua 24 . 2 . served other gods Judges 17 . 5 . an house of gods 2 Samuel 13 . 39 . the soul of Isaiah 44 . 13 . that it may Ezekiel 21 . 21 . images Daniel 11 . 8 . their gods Romans 1 . 11 . I long 1 Thessalonians 2 . 17 . endeavoured

Verse 31

Because . Genesis 31 . 26 , Genesis 31 . 27 , Genesis 20 . 11 , Proverbs 29 . 25

Reciprocal . Genesis 30 . 26 . my wives

Verse 32

whomsoever . This was rash , and might have produced fatal effects; but Jacob was partial to Rachel , and did not suspect her; and he was indignant at being accused of a crime which he deeply abhorred. Scott. Genesis 31 . 19 , Genesis 31 . 30 , Genesis 44 . 9-12

before . Genesis 31 . 23 , Genesis 13 . 8 , Genesis 19 . 7 , Genesis 30 . 33 , 1 Samuel 12 . 3-5 , 2 Corinthians 8 . 20 , 2 Corinthians 8 . 21 , 2 Corinthians 12 . 17-19

For Jacob . 1 Samuel 14 . 24-29

Reciprocal . Genesis 31 . 37 . set it here Genesis 31 . 46 . brethren Joshua 24 . 2 . served other gods Isaiah 44 . 13 . that it may

Verse 33

Leah's . Genesis 24 . 28 , Genesis 24 . 67

Reciprocal . Genesis 18 . 9 . in

Verse 34

had taken . Genesis 31 . 17 , Genesis 31 . 19

furniture . The word , car , rendered "furniture ," properly denotes "a large round pannier ," placed one on each side of a camel , for a person , especially women , to ride in. It is a hamper , like a cradle , having a back , head , and sides , like a great chair. Moryson describes them as "two long chairs like cradles , covered with red cloth , to hang on the two sides of the camel." Hanway calls them kedgavays , which "are a kind of covered chairs , which the Persians hang over their camels in the manner of panniers , and are big enough for one person to sit in." Thevenot , who calls then counes , says that they lay over them a cover , which keeps then both from the rain and sun; and Maillet describes them as covered cages , hanging on each side of a camel. The late Editor of Calmet has furnished a correct delineation of these cars , as seen on one side of a camel , copied from Dalton's Prints of Egyptian Figures.

searched . Heb. felt

Reciprocal . Genesis 24 . 61 . they rode Genesis 35 . 2 . strange Leviticus 15 . 9 . saddle Deuteronomy 27 . 15 . and putteth

Verse 35

my lord . Genesis 18 . 12 , Exodus 20 . 12 , Leviticus 19 . 3 , Ephesians 6 . 1 , 1 Peter 2 . 18 , 1 Peter 3 . 6

rise up . Leviticus 19 . 32 , 1 Kings 2 . 19

custom . Genesis 18 . 11 , Leviticus 15 . 19

Reciprocal . Genesis 23 . 6 . my lord Daniel 4 . 19 . My Lord

Verse 36

was wroth . Genesis 30 . 2 , Genesis 34 . 7 , Genesis 49 . 7 , Numbers 16 . 15 , 2 Kings 5 . 11 , 2 Kings 13 . 19 , Proverbs 28 . 1 , Mark 3 . 5 , Ephesians 4 . 26 , James 1 . 19 , James 1 . 20

Reciprocal . Genesis 31 . 26 . What Genesis 32 . 28 . with men Jeremiah 37 . 18 . General

Verse 37

set it here . Genesis 31 . 32 , Joshua 7 . 23 , 1 Samuel 12 . 3 , 1 Samuel 12 . 4 , Matthew 18 . 16 , 1 Corinthians 6 . 4 , 1 Corinthians 6 . 5 , 1 Thessalonians 2 . 10 , Hebrews 13 . 18 , 1 Peter 2 . 12 , 1 Peter 3 . 16

Reciprocal . Genesis 30 . 33 . righteousness Genesis 31 . 46 . brethren Proverbs 11 . 6 . righteousness Titus 2 . 10 . showing

Verse 38

twenty . Genesis 31 . 41

ewes . Genesis 30 . 27 , Genesis 30 . 30 , Exodus 23 . 26 , Deuteronomy 28 . 4

the rams . Ezekiel 34 . 2-4

Reciprocal . Genesis 27 . 44 . a few days Genesis 30 . 26 . for thou Genesis 30 . 29 . General Genesis 30 . 39 . brought forth Genesis 31 . 6 . General Exodus 2 . 21 . content Proverbs 27 . 23 . diligent Zechariah 11 . 16 . but Ephesians 6 . 7 . good Titus 2 . 10 . showing

Verse 39

torn of . Exodus 22 . 10 , Exodus 22 . 31 , Leviticus 22 . 8 , 1 Samuel 17 . 34 , 1 Samuel 17 . 35 , John 10 . 12 , John 10 . 13

I bare . Exodus 22 . 10-13

or stolen . Luke 2 . 8

Reciprocal . Genesis 25 . 27 . a plain man Genesis 43 . 9 . of my hand Exodus 22 . 12 . stolen from him John 10 . 11 . giveth

Verse 40

Exodus 2 . 19-22 , Exodus 3 . 1 , Psalm 78 . 70 , Psalm 78 . 71 , Hosea 12 . 12 , Luke 2 . 8 , John 21 . 15-17] , Hebrews 13 . 7 , 1 Peter 5 . 2-4

Reciprocal . Genesis 30 . 39 . brought forth Deuteronomy 26 . 5 . ready Job 24 . 7 . no covering Proverbs 31 . 18 . her candle Ecclesiastes 8 . 16 . there is that Song of Solomon 5 . 2 . my head Jeremiah 36 . 30 . and his John 10 . 11 . giveth

Verse 41

fourteen . Genesis 31 . 38 , Genesis 29 . 18-30 , Genesis 30 . 33-40 , 1 Corinthians 15 . 10 , 2 Corinthians 11 . 26

ten times . Genesis 31 . 7

Reciprocal . Genesis 29 . 21 . my days Genesis 29 . 30 . served Genesis 30 . 26 . my wives Genesis 31 . 15 . sold us Genesis 34 . 12 . dowry Numbers 14 . 22 . ten times Nehemiah 4 . 12 . ten times Song of Solomon 5 . 2 . my head Hosea 3 . 2 . I bought Hosea 12 . 12 . served Zechariah 8 . 23 . ten men

Verse 42

Except . Genesis 31 . 24 , Genesis 31 . 29 , Psalm 124 . 1-3

fear . Genesis 31 . 53 , Genesis 27 . 33 , Psalm 76 . 11 , Psalm 76 . 12 , Psalm 124 . 1 , Isaiah 8 . 13

hath seen . Genesis 31 . 12 , Genesis 11 . 5 , Genesis 16 . 11 , Genesis 16 . 13 , Genesis 29 . 32 , Exodus 3 . 7 , 1 Chronicles 12 . 17 , Psalm 31 . 7 , Jude 1 . 9

Reciprocal . Genesis 24 . 12 . O Lord Genesis 28 . 13 . I am Genesis 30 . 39 . brought forth Genesis 30 . 43 . General Genesis 32 . 9 . O God Genesis 35 . 3 . was with Genesis 46 . 1 . unto Genesis 50 . 17 . servants Exodus 3 . 6 . I am Deuteronomy 15 . 13 . General 2 Kings 13 . 4 . he saw 1 Chronicles 16 . 21 . He suffered Proverbs 14 . 26 . fear Lamentations 3 . 59 . judge Mark 12 . 26 . I am

Verse 43

Reciprocal . Genesis 37 . 35 . his daughters

Verse 44

let us . Genesis 15 . 18 , Genesis 21 . 22-32 , Genesis 26 . 28-31 , 1 Samuel 20 . 14-17

a witness . Genesis 31 . 48 , Genesis 31 . 52 , Genesis 21 . 30 , Deuteronomy 31 . 19 , Deuteronomy 31 . 21 , Deuteronomy 31 . 26 , Joshua 22 . 27 , Joshua 24 . 25-27 , God can put a bridle into the mouth of wicked man to restrain their malice; and then , though they have no love for his people , they will pretend to it , and try to make a merit of necessity. Scott.

Reciprocal . Genesis 21 . 23 . swear Genesis 21 . 27 . made Genesis 24 . 3 . swear Genesis 26 . 31 . sware Joshua 24 . 27 . General

Verse 45

Genesis 28 . 18-22

Reciprocal . Genesis 31 . 51 . I have cast Genesis 31 . 52 . General Exodus 24 . 4 . twelve pillars 1 Samuel 7 . 12 . took a stone

Verse 46

brethren . Genesis 31 . 23 , Genesis 31 . 32 , Genesis 31 . 37 , Genesis 31 . 54

Gather . Joshua 4 . 5-9 , Joshua 4 . 20-24 , Joshua 7 . 26 , 2 Samuel 18 . 17 , Ecclesiastes 3 . 5

an heap . The word gal , rendered "heap ," properly signifies a round heap or circle; probably like the Druidical remains in this country , which have been traced in India , Persia , Western Asia , Greece , and Northern Europe. These usually consist of irregular circles of large stones , with a principal one in the midst; the former probably being used for seats , and the latter for an altar; corresponding to the stone set up as a pillar by Jacob , and the heap of stones collected by his brethren. They appear to have been used , as Gilgal undoubtedly was . Joshua 4 . 5 , Judges 2 . 1 , Judges 3 . 19 , ch. 20; 1 Samuel 7 . 16 , 1 Samuel 10 . 8 , 1 Samuel 10 . 17 , 1 Samuel 11 . 15 , 1 Samuel 13 . 7 ,1 Samuel 15 . 33 . 2 Samuel 19 . 15 ,2 Samuel 19 . 40 . 2 Kings 2 . 1 as temples , and as places for holding councils , and assembling the people. For a satisfactory elucidation of this subject , consult the Fragments to Calmet , Nos. 156 , 735 , 736.

Reciprocal . Genesis 28 . 11 . took Joshua 22 . 10 . built

Verse 47

Jegarsahadutha . i.e. the heap of witness , Chald

Galeed . i.e. , the heap of witness. Heb. Hebrews 12 . 1

Reciprocal . 2 Samuel 24 . 6 . Gilead Ezekiel 47 . 18 . from Gilead Daniel 2 . 4 . in

Verse 48

This heap . Joshua 24 . 27

Galeed . or , Gilead , Genesis 31 . 23 , Deuteronomy 2 . 36 , Deuteronomy 3 . 16 , Joshua 13 . 8 , Joshua 13 . 9

Reciprocal . Genesis 31 . 44 . a witness Genesis 31 . 52 . General Joshua 15 . 38 . Mizpeh Joshua 22 . 27 . a witness Judges 10 . 3 . a Gileadite 1 Samuel 24 . 21 . Swear 2 Samuel 24 . 6 . Gilead James 5 . 3 . a witness

Verse 49

Mizpah . i.e. a beacon , or watch-tower , Judges 10 . 17 , Judges 11 . 11 , Judges 11 . 29 , Mizpeh , 1 Samuel 7 . 5 , 1 Kings 15 . 22 , Hosea 5 . 1

Reciprocal . Genesis 26 . 28 . Let there Joshua 11 . 3 . land Joshua 13 . 26 . Ramathmizpeh Joshua 15 . 38 . Mizpeh 2 Kings 25 . 23 . Mizpah

Verse 50

afflict . Leviticus 18 . 18 , Matthew 19 . 5 , Matthew 19 . 6

God . Judges 11 . 10 , 1 Samuel 12 . 5 , Jeremiah 29 . 23 , Jeremiah 42 . 5 , Micah 1 . 2 , Malachi 2 . 14 , Malachi 3 . 5 , 1 Thessalonians 2 . 5

Reciprocal . 1 Samuel 20 . 23 . the Lord 2 Samuel 14 . 11 . let the king

Verse 51

I have cast . For yarithi , "I have set up ," we may read yaritha , "Thou hast set up ," with one Heb. and one Samaritan manuscript . see note on Genesis 31 . 45. Genesis 31 . 51

Verse 52

Genesis 31 . 44 , Genesis 31 . 45 , Genesis 31 . 48

Reciprocal . Genesis 21 . 30 . a witness Joshua 22 . 27 . a witness James 5 . 3 . a witness

Verse 53

God of Abraham . Genesis 11 . 24-29 , Genesis 11 . 31 , Genesis 17 . 7 , Genesis 22 . 20-24 , Genesis 24 . 3 , Genesis 24 . 4 , Exodus 3 . 6 , Joshua 24 . 2

their father . For avihem , "Their father ," several manuscripts read avichem , "Your father ," for Terah was an idolater . see note on Joshua 24 . 2.

judge . Genesis 16 . 5

sware . Genesis 14 . 22 , Genesis 21 . 23 , Genesis 21 . 24 , Genesis 24 . 3 , Genesis 26 . 28-31

fear . Genesis 31 . 42 , Deuteronomy 6 . 13

Reciprocal . Genesis 21 . 32 . General Genesis 29 . 5 . son of Genesis 31 . 5 . the God Genesis 31 . 29 . the God Genesis 32 . 9 . O God Genesis 46 . 1 . unto Judges 11 . 10 . be witness Judges 11 . 27 . be judge 1 Samuel 24 . 21 . Swear 1 Kings 18 . 36 . Lord God 1 Chronicles 12 . 17 . God Psalm 7 . 8 . judge Isaiah 8 . 13 . and let him Isaiah 45 . 23 . every tongue Hebrews 6 . 16 . an oath

Verse 54

offered sacrifice . or , killed beasts

did eat . Genesis 21 . 8 , Genesis 26 . 30 , Genesis 37 . 25 , Exodus 18 . 12 , 2 Samuel 3 . 20 , 2 Samuel 3 . 21

Reciprocal . Genesis 31 . 46 . brethren Genesis 43 . 16 . slay Genesis 43 . 32 . eat bread Exodus 2 . 20 . call him Exodus 24 . 11 . did eat Leviticus 17 . 5 . in the open Numbers 22 . 40 . General 1 Samuel 9 . 12 . sacrifice 1 Kings 3 . 15 . a feast 1 Chronicles 12 . 39 . eating and drinking Ezekiel 39 . 17 . Speak Ezekiel 44 . 3 . to eat

Verse 55

and kissed . Genesis 31 . 28 , Genesis 33 . 4 , Ruth 1 . 14

blessed . Genesis 24 . 60 , Genesis 28 . 1 , Numbers 23 . 5 , Numbers 23 . 8 , Numbers 23 . 11 , Deuteronomy 23 . 5 , Proverbs 16 . 7

returned . Genesis 18 . 33 , Genesis 30 . 25 , Numbers 24 . 25 , Deuteronomy 32 . 36 , Psalm 76 . 10 , Acts 28 . 4 , Acts 28 . 5

Reciprocal . Genesis 26 . 31 . betimes Genesis 48 . 10 . kissed Exodus 18 . 27 . General 2 Samuel 19 . 39 . kissed Barzillai 2 Kings 10 . 15 . saluted