← 1 Samuel | ← Ch 17 | Ch 19 →
Introduction
Overview
1 Samuel 18 . 1 , Jonathan loves David; 1 Samuel 18 . 5 , Saul envies his praise; 1 Samuel 18 . 10 , seeks to kill him in his fury; 1 Samuel 18 . 12 , fears him for his good success; 1 Samuel 18 . 17 , offers him his daughters for a snare; 1 Samuel 18 . 23 , David persuaded to be the king’s son-in-law , gives two hundred foreskins of the Philistines for Michal’s dowry; 1 Samuel 18 . 28 , Saul’s hatred and David’s glory increase.
the soul of Jonathan . The modesty , piety , and courage of David were so congenial to the character of the amiable Jonathan , that they attracted his most cordial esteem and affection; so that the most intimate friendship subsisted between them from that time , and they loved each other with pure hearts fervently. Their friendship could not be affected by the common vicissitudes of life; and it exemplifies by fact what the ancients have written on the subject.
חם ציכיבם יףןפחפב ויםבי , ךבי ליבם רץקחם פןם ציכןם ופוסןם בץפןם. "Friendship is an entire sameness , and one soul. A friend is another self." 1 Samuel 14 . 1-14 , 1 Samuel 14 . 45 , Genesis 44 . 30 , Judges 20 . 11 , 1 Chronicles 12 . 17 , Psalm 86 . 11 , Colossians 2 . 2
loved him . 1 Samuel 18 . 3 , 1 Samuel 19 . 2 , 1 Samuel 20 . 17 , Deuteronomy 13 . 6 , 2 Samuel 1 . 26 , Proverbs 18 . 24
Reciprocal . Genesis 34 . 3 . soul Joshua 23 . 12 . cleave 1 Samuel 17 . 31 . sent for him 1 Samuel 31 . 2 . Jonathan 2 Samuel 1 . 23 . pleasant 2 Samuel 9 . 1 . show him Psalm 132 . 1 . all his afflictions Matthew 19 . 5 . cleave Philippians 2 . 20 . likeminded Titus 1 . 8 . a lover of good
took him . 1 Samuel 16 . 21-23 , 1 Samuel 17 . 15
Reciprocal . 1 Samuel 19 . 7 . in times past
made a covenant . 1 Samuel 20 . 8-17 , 1 Samuel 20 . 42 , 1 Samuel 23 . 18 , 2 Samuel 9 . 1-3 , 2 Samuel 21 . 7
Reciprocal . Genesis 21 . 27 . made Genesis 21 . 32 . General Deuteronomy 13 . 6 . which is 1 Samuel 18 . 1 . loved him 1 Samuel 20 . 16 . made 1 Samuel 20 . 17 . for he loved 1 Samuel 20 . 41 . David exceeded 1 Samuel 22 . 8 . that my son 2 Kings 11 . 4 . made a covenant 1 Chronicles 12 . 17 . heart 2 Chronicles 23 . 1 . covenant with him Proverbs 17 . 17 . General Philippians 2 . 20 . likeminded
stripped himself . Presents of clothes or rich robes , as tokens of respect or friendship , are frequent in the East. Genesis 41 . 42 , Esther 6 . 8 , Esther 6 . 9 , Isaiah 61 . 10 , Luke 15 . 22 , 2 Corinthians 5 . 21 , Philippians 2 . 7 , Philippians 2 . 8
Reciprocal . 2 Samuel 1 . 22 . the bow Isaiah 22 . 21 . clothe Ezekiel 23 . 15 . with girdles
behaved . or , prospered , 1 Samuel 18 . 14 , 1 Samuel 18 . 15 , 1 Samuel 18 . 30 , Genesis 39 . 2 , Genesis 39 . 3 , Genesis 39 . 23 , Psalm 1 . 3 , Acts 7 . 10
wisely . Matthew 10 . 16 , Ephesians 5 . 17 , Colossians 4 . 5
the men of war . 1 Samuel 13 . 2 , 1 Samuel 14 . 52
Reciprocal . 1 Samuel 18 . 16 . all Israel 2 Samuel 19 . 9 . The king 1 Kings 2 . 3 . prosper 2 Kings 18 . 7 . he prospered Psalm 62 . 9 . Surely Psalm 119 . 98 . through
Philistine . or , Philistines
the women . Exodus 15 . 20 , Judges 11 . 34 , Psalm 68 . 25 , Jeremiah 31 . 11-13
instruments of music . Heb. three stringed instruments , The original shalishim , is rendered by the Vulgate sistris. The sistrum. The sistrum was an ancient Egyptian instrument made of brass , with three , and sometimes more brass rods across; which , being loose in their holes , made a jingling noise when shaken.
Reciprocal . Genesis 14 . 17 . to Judges 21 . 21 . dance 1 Samuel 29 . 5 . General 2 Samuel 1 . 20 . Philistines Jeremiah 31 . 4 . again
answered . Exodus 15 . 21 , Psalm 24 . 7 , Psalm 24 . 8
Saul . 1 Samuel 21 . 11 , 1 Samuel 29 . 5
Reciprocal . Judges 11 . 34 . his daughter 1 Samuel 14 . 49 . name of the firstborn Psalm 62 . 9 . Surely Psalm 75 . 3 . I bear Proverbs 27 . 21 . so Jeremiah 31 . 4 . again Daniel 3 . 12 . certain Matthew 27 . 18 . he
the saying . Esther 3 . 5 , Proverbs 13 . 10 , Proverbs 27 . 4 , Ecclesiastes 4 . 4 , James 4 . 5
displeased him . Heb. was evil in his eyes , Numbers 11 . 1 , Numbers 22 . 34 , *marg.
and what . 1 Samuel 13 . 14 , 1 Samuel 15 . 28 , 1 Samuel 16 . 13 , 1 Samuel 20 . 31 , 1 Kings 2 . 22
Reciprocal . Exodus 21 . 8 . please not 1 Samuel 19 . 1 . And Saul 1 Samuel 21 . 11 . the king Job 5 . 2 . envy Proverbs 27 . 21 . so Matthew 5 . 22 . That Mark 7 . 22 . an evil Mark 15 . 10 . for envy Luke 15 . 28 . he 1 Peter 2 . 1 . envies
eyed David . Genesis 4 . 5 , Genesis 4 . 6 , Genesis 31 . 2 , Matthew 20 . 15 , Mark 7 . 22 , Ephesians 4 . 27 , James 5 . 9
Reciprocal . Genesis 26 . 14 . envied Judges 9 . 23 . God 1 Samuel 17 . 31 . sent for him 1 Samuel 19 . 1 . And Saul Job 5 . 2 . envy Ecclesiastes 4 . 4 . every Matthew 5 . 22 . That Mark 15 . 10 . for envy 1 Peter 2 . 1 . envies
the evil spirit . 1 Samuel 16 . 14 , 1 Samuel 16 . 15 , 1 Samuel 19 . 9 , 1 Samuel 26 . 19
and he prophesied . Wyyithnabbai , rather , "and he pretended to prophesy; for the verb is in Hithpael , the signification of which conjugation is not only reflex action , but also affectation of the action . Jeremiah 29 . 26 , Jeremiah 29 . 27. The meaning seems to be , that Saul , influenced by the evil spirit , feigned to be prophesying , the better to conceal his murderous intentions , and to render David unsuspicious. 1 Samuel 19 . 24 , 1 Kings 18 . 29 , 1 Kings 22 . 12 , 1 Kings 22 . 20-23 , Jeremiah 28 . 2-4 , Jeremiah 28 . 11 , Zechariah 13 . 2-5 , Acts 16 . 16 , 2 Thessalonians 2 . 11
played . 1 Samuel 16 . 16 , 1 Samuel 16 . 23
and there was . Wehachanith beyad Shaool , rather , "and the javelin was in the hand of Saul;" for the javelin or spear was the emblem of regal authority; and kings had it always in their hand , as may be seen represented on ancient monuments. In ancient times , says Justin , kings used a spear instead of a sceptre.
Reciprocal . Numbers 25 . 7 . a javelin Numbers 35 . 20 . by laying Judges 9 . 23 . God 1 Samuel 19 . 7 . in times past 1 Samuel 22 . 6 . spear 2 Kings 3 . 15 . bring me
cast the javelin . 1 Samuel 19 . 9 , 1 Samuel 19 . 10 , 1 Samuel 20 . 33 , Proverbs 27 . 4 , Isaiah 54 . 17
And David . Psalm 37 . 32 , Psalm 37 . 33 , Isaiah 54 . 17 , Luke 4 . 30 , John 8 . 59 , John 10 . 39
Reciprocal . Numbers 25 . 7 . a javelin Numbers 35 . 20 . by laying 1 Samuel 16 . 23 . Saul 1 Samuel 20 . 27 . Wherefore 1 Samuel 20 . 32 . what hath 2 Samuel 4 . 8 . sought 2 Samuel 12 . 7 . I delivered Psalm 64 . 4 . suddenly
afraid . 1 Samuel 18 . 15 , 1 Samuel 18 . 20 , 1 Samuel 18 . 29 , 1 Samuel 16 . 4 , Psalm 48 . 3-6 , Psalm 53 . 5 , Mark 6 . 20 , Luke 8 . 37 , Acts 24 . 25
the Lord . 1 Samuel 16 . 13 , 1 Samuel 16 . 18 , 1 Samuel 22 . 13 , Acts 7 . 9
departed . 1 Samuel 16 . 14 , 1 Samuel 28 . 15 , Psalm 51 . 11 , Hosea 9 . 12 , Matthew 25 . 41
Reciprocal . Deuteronomy 28 . 10 . and they shall Judges 16 . 20 . the Lord Acts 5 . 17 . indignation
removed . 1 Samuel 18 . 17 , 1 Samuel 18 . 25 , 1 Samuel 8 . 12 , 1 Samuel 22 . 7
he went out . 1 Samuel 18 . 16 , Numbers 27 . 16 , Numbers 27 . 17 , 2 Samuel 5 . 2 , Psalm 121 . 8 , Saul was sensible that the Lord was departed from him; while he perceived , with evident sorrow of heart , that the Lord had given David peculiar wisdom , and that he was with him to prosper all his undertakings. This increased the disquietude of his malevolent mind , and his dread of David as a prevailing rival . he therefore removed him from his presence. This impolitic step , however , served the more to ingratiate David with the people , by affording him the opportunity of leading them forth to victory over their enemies.
Reciprocal . 1 Samuel 18 . 27 . his men 1 Samuel 19 . 7 . in times past 1 Samuel 22 . 14 . goeth 1 Chronicles 11 . 2 . that leddest
behaved . or , prospered , 1 Samuel 18 . 5
the Lord . 1 Samuel 10 . 7 , 1 Samuel 16 . 18 , Genesis 39 . 2 , Genesis 39 . 3 , Genesis 39 . 23 , Joshua 6 . 27 , Matthew 1 . 23 , Matthew 28 . 20 , Acts 18 . 10
Reciprocal . 1 Samuel 3 . 19 . the Lord 1 Samuel 22 . 7 . the son of Jesse 2 Samuel 7 . 9 . And I was 1 Kings 2 . 3 . prosper 2 Kings 18 . 7 . And the Lord 1 Chronicles 17 . 8 . I have been Psalm 101 . 2 . behave Psalm 119 . 98 . through Proverbs 13 . 15 . Good Ecclesiastes 4 . 4 . every Daniel 6 . 4 . but 1 John 3 . 12 . And
wisely . Psalm 112 . 5 , Daniel 6 . 4 , Daniel 6 . 5 , Colossians 4 . 5 , James 1 . 5 , James 3 . 17
Reciprocal . 1 Samuel 18 . 5 . behaved 1 Samuel 18 . 12 . afraid 1 Samuel 18 . 29 . yet the Psalm 101 . 2 . behave Proverbs 27 . 21 . so Ezekiel 31 . 9 . envied 1 John 3 . 12 . And
all Israel . 1 Samuel 18 . 5 , Luke 19 . 48 , Luke 20 . 19
he went . Numbers 27 . 17 , 2 Samuel 5 . 2 , 1 Kings 3 . 7
Reciprocal . 1 Samuel 18 . 13 . he went out Proverbs 27 . 21 . so
her will I give . 1 Samuel 17 . 25 , Psalm 12 . 2 , Psalm 55 . 21
valiant . Heb. a son of valour
the Lord's . 1 Samuel 17 . 47 , 1 Samuel 25 . 28 , Numbers 32 . 20 , Numbers 32 . 27 , Numbers 32 . 29
Let not mine . 1 Samuel 18 . 21 , 1 Samuel 18 . 25 , Deuteronomy 17 . 7 , 2 Samuel 11 . 15 , 2 Samuel 12 . 9
Reciprocal . Genesis 29 . 30 . served Genesis 37 . 27 . let not Judges 5 . 23 . to the help 1 Samuel 17 . 31 . sent for him 1 Samuel 18 . 13 . removed 2 Samuel 17 . 10 . thy father 1 Chronicles 5 . 18 . valiant men Psalm 12 . 8 . when Psalm 35 . 8 . into Psalm 56 . 5 . all Proverbs 26 . 26 . Whose hatred is covered by deceit
Who am I . 1 Samuel 18 . 23 , 1 Samuel 9 . 21 , Exodus 3 . 11 , Ruth 2 . 10 , 2 Samuel 7 . 18 , Proverbs 15 . 33 , Proverbs 18 . 12 , Jeremiah 1 . 6
Reciprocal . 1 Kings 4 . 15 . the daughter Psalm 12 . 8 . when Proverbs 25 . 6 . in the presence
Adriel . Judges 14 . 20 , 2 Samuel 21 . 8
Meholathite . Judges 7 . 22
loved David . 1 Samuel 18 . 28 , Genesis 29 . 18 , Genesis 29 . 20 , Genesis 34 . 3 , Judg. 16 , 4 , 15; 2Sam. 13 , 1; 1Kings 11 , 1 , 2; Hosea 3 . 1-5 , 2
pleased him . Heb. was right in his eyes
Reciprocal . 1 Samuel 18 . 12 . afraid 1 Samuel 25 . 44 . Michal 2 Samuel 3 . 13 . Michal 2 Samuel 17 . 4 . the saying 1 Chronicles 13 . 4 . the thing
a snare . Exodus 10 . 7 , Psalm 7 . 14-16 , Psalm 38 . 12 , Proverbs 26 . 24-26 , Proverbs 29 . 5 , Jeremiah 5 . 26 , Jeremiah 9 . 8
the hand . 1 Samuel 18 . 17 , 1 Samuel 19 . 11 , 1 Samuel 19 . 12
this day . 1 Samuel 18 . 26
Reciprocal . Exodus 23 . 33 . it will surely 2 Samuel 11 . 15 . Set ye 2 Samuel 12 . 7 . I delivered 2 Samuel 17 . 4 . the saying Psalm 10 . 10 . humbleth Psalm 11 . 2 . that Psalm 36 . 3 . The words Psalm 37 . 12 . General Psalm 56 . 5 . all Psalm 62 . 9 . of high Proverbs 10 . 18 . that hideth Proverbs 26 . 26 . Whose hatred is covered by deceit Matthew 2 . 7 . General
commanded . Psalm 36 . 1-3 , Psalm 55 . 21
servants . 2 Samuel 13 . 28 , 2 Samuel 13 . 29 , Proverbs 29 . 12
Reciprocal . Proverbs 10 . 18 . that hideth
a light . 1 John 3 . 1
a poor man . 1 Samuel 9 . 21 , Proverbs 14 . 20 , Proverbs 19 . 6 , Proverbs 19 . 7 , Ecclesiastes 9 . 15 , Ecclesiastes 9 . 16
and lightly . Psalm 119 . 141
Reciprocal . Numbers 16 . 9 . Seemeth it but Judges 1 . 12 . And Caleb Judges 6 . 15 . my family is poor 1 Samuel 18 . 18 . Who am I Psalm 131 . 1 . my heart
On this manner . Heb. According to these words , 1 Samuel 18 . 24
dowry . Genesis 29 . 18 , Genesis 34 . 12 , Exodus 22 . 16 , Exodus 22 . 17
but an hundred . That is , Thou shalt slay one hundred Philistines , and thou shalt produce their foreskins as a proof , not only that thou hast killed one hundred men , but that these are of the uncircumcised Philistines.
foreskins . 1 Samuel 17 . 26 , 1 Samuel 17 . 36 , Genesis 17 . 11-14 , Joshua 5 . 3
to be avenged . 1 Samuel 14 . 24
thought . 1 Samuel 18 . 17 , 2 Samuel 17 . 8-11
Reciprocal . Numbers 35 . 20 . by laying 1 Samuel 18 . 13 . removed 2 Samuel 3 . 14 . an hundred 2 Samuel 11 . 15 . Set ye 2 Samuel 19 . 9 . The king Hosea 3 . 2 . I bought
the days . 1 Samuel 18 . 21
expired . Heb. fulfilled
his men . 1 Samuel 18 . 13
slew . Judges 14 . 19 , 2 Samuel 3 . 14
two hundred men . The Septuagint has only וךבפןם בםהנבע , one hundred men; and as Saul covenanted for a hundred , as David himself says . 2 Samuel 3 . 14 , that he espoused Michal for a hundred , it is very probable that this is the true reading.
Reciprocal . 1 Samuel 22 . 14 . the king's 1 Samuel 24 . 11 . my father 1 Samuel 25 . 44 . Michal 1 Chronicles 15 . 29 . Michal
1 Samuel 24 . 20 , 1 Samuel 26 . 25 , Genesis 30 . 27 , Genesis 37 . 8-11 , Genesis 39 . 3 , Revelation 3 . 9
Reciprocal . Genesis 39 . 2 . the Lord Deuteronomy 28 . 10 . and they shall 1 Samuel 18 . 20 . loved David 1 Chronicles 15 . 29 . Michal 1 Chronicles 17 . 8 . I have been 2 Chronicles 15 . 9 . they saw
yet the . 1 Samuel 18 . 12 , 1 Samuel 18 . 15 , Psalm 37 . 12-14 , Ecclesiastes 4 . 4 , James 2 . 19
Saul became . Genesis 4 . 4-8 , John 11 . 53 , 1 John 3 . 12-15
Reciprocal . Deuteronomy 28 . 10 . and they shall Psalm 13 . 2 . enemy Psalm 56 . 5 . all Proverbs 10 . 18 . that hideth
the princes . Of this war we know no more than that David , whose military skill was greater , was more successful in it , than all the other officers of Saul.
went forth . 2 Samuel 11 . 1
behaved himself . 1 Samuel 18 . 5 , Psalm 119 . 99 , Daniel 1 . 20 , Luke 21 . 15 , Ephesians 5 . 15
set by . Heb. precious , 1 Samuel 2 . 30 , 1 Samuel 26 . 21 , 2 Kings 1 . 13 , Psalm 116 . 15 , 1 Peter 2 . 4 , 1 Peter 2 . 7
Reciprocal . 1 Kings 2 . 3 . prosper Psalm 119 . 98 . through Proverbs 12 . 8 . commended Proverbs 27 . 21 . so Ecclesiastes 4 . 4 . every Hebrews 11 . 32 . David