Introduction
Overview
Acts 27 . 1 , Paul shipping towards Rome , Acts 27 . 10. foretells of the danger of the voyage , Acts 27 . 11. but is not believed; Acts 27 . 14 , They are tossed to and fro with tempest; Acts 27 . 41 , and suffer shipwreck; Acts 27 . 44 , yet all come safe to land.
when . Acts 19 . 21 , Acts 23 . 11 , Acts 25 . 12 , Acts 25 . 25 , Genesis 50 . 20 , Psalm 33 . 11 , Psalm 76 . 10 , Proverbs 19 . 21 , Lamentations 3 . 27 , Daniel 4 . 35 , Romans 15 . 22-29
Italy . Italy is a well-known country of Europe , bounded by the Adriatic or Venetian Gulf on the east , the Tyrrhene or Tuscan Sea on the west , and by the Alps on the north. Acts 10 . 1 , Acts 18 . 2 , Hebrews 13 . 24
a centurion . Acts 27 . 11 , Acts 27 . 43 , Acts 10 . 22 , Acts 21 . 32 , Acts 22 . 26 , Acts 23 . 17 , Acts 24 . 23 , Acts 28 . 16 , Matthew 8 . 5-10 , Matthew 27 . 54 , Luke 7 . 2 , Luke 23 . 47
Augustus' . Acts 25 . 25
Reciprocal . Matthew 27 . 27 . band Mark 15 . 39 . the centurion Acts 21 . 8 . we that Acts 22 . 25 . the centurion Acts 23 . 18 . Paul Acts 25 . 21 . Augustus Acts 27 . 3 . Julius Acts 27 . 6 . the centurion Romans 1 . 10 . a prosperous Romans 15 . 32 . I may 2 Corinthians 11 . 23 . in prisons 2 Corinthians 11 . 25 . thrice
Adramyttium . Adramyttium , now Adramyti , was a maritime city of Mysia in Asia Minor , seated at the foot of Mount Ida , on a gulf of the same name , opposite the island of Lesbos.
we . Acts 21 . 1 , Luke 8 . 22
to sail . Acts 20 . 15 , Acts 20 . 16 , Acts 21 . 1-3
Aristarchus . Acts 19 . 19 , Acts 20 . 4 , Colossians 4 . 10 , Philemon 1 . 24
with us . Acts 16 . 10-13 , Acts 16 . 17 , Acts 20 . 5 , Acts 21 . 5 , Acts 28 . 2 , Acts 28 . 10 , Acts 28 . 12 , Acts 28 . 16
Reciprocal . Acts 17 . 1 . Thessalonica Acts 19 . 29 . Aristarchus
Sidon . Acts 12 . 20 , Genesis 10 . 15 , Genesis 49 . 13 , Isaiah 23 . 2-4 , Isaiah 23 . 12 , Zechariah 9 . 2
Julius . Acts 24 . 23 , Acts 27 . 1 , Acts 27 . 3 , Acts 28 . 16
Reciprocal . Jeremiah 40 . 5 . gave him Luke 7 . 2 . centurion's Acts 22 . 25 . the centurion Acts 27 . 43 . willing Acts 28 . 2 . showed Hebrews 13 . 3 . them that 1 Peter 3 . 8 . courteous
Cyprus . Acts 4 . 36 , Acts 11 . 19 , Acts 11 . 20 , Acts 13 . 4 , Acts 15 . 39 , Acts 21 . 3 , Acts 21 . 16
the winds . Matthew 14 . 24 , Mark 6 . 48
Reciprocal . Acts 27 . 7 . under
Cilicia . Acts 6 . 9 , Acts 15 . 23 , Acts 15 . 41 , Acts 21 . 39 , Acts 22 . 3 , Galatians 1 . 21
Pamphylia . Acts 2 . 10 , Acts 13 . 13 , Acts 15 . 38
Myra . Myra was a city of Lycia , situated on a hill , twenty stadia from the sea.
the centurion . Acts 27 . 1
Alexandria . Alexandria , now Scanderoon , was a celebrated city and port of Egypt , built by Alexander the Great , situated on the Mediterranean and the lake Moeris , opposite the island of Pharos , and about twelve miles from the western branch of the Nile. Acts 6 . 9 , Acts 18 . 24 , Acts 28 . 11
Reciprocal . Acts 21 . 2 . finding
Cnidus . Cnidus was a town and promontory of Caria in Asia Minor , opposite Crete , now Cape Krio.
we sailed . Acts 27 . 12 , Acts 27 . 13 , Acts 27 . 21 , Acts 2 . 11 , Titus 1 . 5 , Titus 1 . 12
under . Acts 27 . 4
Crete . or , Candy , Crete , now Candy , is a large island in the Mediterranean , 250 miles in length , 50 in breadth , and 600 in circumference , lying at the entrance of the Aegean sea.
Salmone . Salmone , now Salamina , was a city and cape on the east of the island of Crete.
The fair havens . The Fair Havens , still known by the same name , was a port on the south-eastern part of Crete , near Lasea , of which nothing now remains. Acts 27 . 8
Reciprocal . Acts 27 . 12 . the haven
the fast . "The fast was on the tenth day of the seventh month." Leviticus 16 . 29 , Leviticus 23 . 27-29 , Numbers 29 . 7
Reciprocal . Psalm 107 . 23 . go down Jeremiah 36 . 6 . upon Acts 27 . 21 . ye should
I perceive . Acts 27 . 21-26 , Acts 27 . 31 , Acts 27 . 34 , Genesis 41 . 16-25 , Genesis 41 . 38 , Genesis 41 . 39 , 2 Kings 6 . 9 , 2 Kings 6 . 10 , Psalm 25 . 14 , Daniel 2 . 30 , Amos 3 . 7
damage . or , injury , Acts 27 . 20 , Acts 27 . 41-44 , 1 Peter 4 . 18
Reciprocal . Acts 14 . 15 . Sirs
believed . Acts 27 . 21 , Exodus 9 . 20 , Exodus 9 . 21 , 2 Kings 6 . 10 , Proverbs 27 . 12 , Ezekiel 3 . 17 , Ezekiel 3 . 18 , Ezekiel 33 . 4 , Hebrews 11 . 7
Reciprocal . Isaiah 7 . 9 . If ye Acts 27 . 1 . a centurion Acts 27 . 25 . I believe Acts 27 . 31 . said Acts 27 . 43 . willing
the haven . Acts 27 . 8 , Psalm 107 . 30
Phenice . Phenice , was a sea-port on the western side of Crete; probably defended from the fury of the winds by a high and winding shore , forming a semicircle , and perhaps by some small island in front; leaving two openings , one towards the south-west , and the other towards the north-west.
Crete . Acts 27 . 7
Reciprocal . Acts 2 . 11 . Cretes 1 Corinthians 16 . 6 . winter Philippians 3 . 11 . by Titus 1 . 5 . Crete
the south . Job 37 . 17 , Psalm 78 . 26 , Song of Solomon 4 . 16 , Luke 12 . 55
loosing . Acts 27 . 21
Reciprocal . Ecclesiastes 1 . 6 . The wind Jonah 1 . 4 . the Lord Matthew 8 . 5 . a centurion Acts 13 . 13 . loosed Acts 27 . 7 . we sailed Acts 28 . 13 . the south
not . Exodus 14 . 21-27 , Jonah 1 . 3-5
arose . or beat
a tempestuous . Psalm 107 . 25-27 , Ezekiel 27 . 26 , Matthew 8 . 24 , Mark 4 . 37
Euroclydon . Probably , as Dr. Shaw supposes , one of those tempestuous winds called levanters , which blow in all directions , from ne round by e to se
Reciprocal . Luke 8 . 23 . came James 3 . 4 . are driven
we . Acts 27 . 27 , James 3 . 4
Reciprocal . Psalm 107 . 27 . are at their wit's end
Clauda . Clauda , called Cauda and Gaudos by Mela and Pliny , and Claudos by Ptolemy , and now Gozo , according to Dr. Shaw , is a small island , situated at the south-western extremity of the island of Crete. Acts 27 . 16
Reciprocal . Acts 27 . 30 . the boat
fearing . Acts 27 . 29 , Acts 27 . 41
being . Psalm 107 . 27
the next . Acts 27 . 19 , Acts 27 . 38 , Jonah 1 . 5 , Matthew 16 . 26 , Luke 16 . 8 , Philippians 3 . 7 , Philippians 3 . 8 , Hebrews 12 . 1
Reciprocal . Job 2 . 4 . all that Isaiah 54 . 11 . tossed Mark 13 . 15 . General Luke 12 . 23 . General Acts 27 . 27 . the fourteenth
we . Job 2 . 4 , Jonah 1 . 5 , Mark 8 . 35-37 , Luke 9 . 24 , Luke 9 . 25
Reciprocal . Ecclesiastes 3 . 6 . and a time to cast Isaiah 33 . 23 . Thy tacklings are loosed Mark 13 . 15 . General Luke 12 . 23 . General Acts 27 . 18 . the next Acts 27 . 38 . they lightened Philippians 3 . 7 . General
neither . Exodus 10 . 21-23 , Psalm 105 . 28 , Matthew 24 . 29
and no . Psalm 107 . 25-27 , Jonah 1 . 4 , Jonah 1 . 11-14 , Matthew 8 . 24 , Matthew 8 . 25 , 2 Corinthians 11 . 25
all . Isaiah 57 . 10 , Jeremiah 2 . 25 , Ezekiel 37 . 11 , Ephesians 2 . 12 , 1 Thessalonians 4 . 13
Reciprocal . Job 3 . 4 . darkness Job 36 . 32 . General Isaiah 43 . 1 . I have called Jeremiah 49 . 23 . on the sea Daniel 3 . 17 . our God Acts 27 . 10 . damage
after . Acts 27 . 33-35 , Psalm 107 . 5 , Psalm 107 . 6
ye should . Acts 27 . 9 , Acts 27 . 10 , Genesis 42 . 22
not . Acts 27 . 13
Reciprocal . Acts 14 . 15 . Sirs Acts 27 . 7 . we sailed Acts 27 . 11 . believed Acts 27 . 25 . I believe Acts 27 . 31 . said 1 Corinthians 3 . 15 . he shall Titus 1 . 5 . Crete
I exhort . Acts 27 . 25 , Acts 27 . 36 , Acts 23 . 11 , 1 Samuel 30 . 6 , Ezra 10 . 2 , Job 22 . 29 , Job 22 . 30 , Psalm 112 . 7 , Isaiah 43 . 1 , Isaiah 43 . 2 , 2 Corinthians 1 . 4-6 , 2 Corinthians 4 . 8 , 2 Corinthians 4 . 9
for . Acts 27 . 31 , Acts 27 . 34 , Acts 27 . 44 , Job 2 . 4
Reciprocal . John 16 . 33 . but
there . Acts 5 . 19 , Acts 12 . 8-11 , Acts 12 . 23 , Acts 23 . 11 , Daniel 6 . 22 , Hebrews 1 . 14 , Revelation 22 . 16
whose . Exodus 19 . 5 , Deuteronomy 32 . 9 , Psalm 135 . 4 , Song of Solomon 2 . 16 , Song of Solomon 6 . 3 , Isaiah 44 . 5 , Jeremiah 31 . 33 , Jeremiah 32 . 38 , Ezekiel 36 . 38 , Zechariah 13 . 9 , Malachi 3 . 17 , John 17 . 9 , John 17 . 10 , 1 Corinthians 6 . 20 , Titus 2 . 14 , 1 Peter 2 . 9 , 1 Peter 2 . 10
and . Acts 16 . 17 , Psalm 116 . 16 , Psalm 143 . 12 , Isaiah 44 . 21 , Daniel 3 . 17 , Daniel 3 . 26 , Daniel 3 . 28 , Daniel 6 . 16 , Daniel 6 . 20 , John 12 . 26 , Romans 1 . 1 , Romans 1 . 9 , Romans 6 . 22 , 2 Timothy 1 . 3 , 2 Timothy 2 . 24 , Titus 1 . 1
Reciprocal . Genesis 18 . 19 . that the Deuteronomy 26 . 17 . avouched Joshua 22 . 5 . serve Judges 7 . 9 . the same 1 Samuel 9 . 15 . the Lord 1 Kings 17 . 1 . before whom Ezra 5 . 11 . We are Psalm 107 . 28 . General Psalm 119 . 94 . I am thine Song of Solomon 7 . 10 . my Song of Solomon 8 . 5 . leaning Jonah 1 . 9 . and I Malachi 3 . 18 . between him Matthew 18 . 10 . their Luke 2 . 9 . lo John 7 . 44 . no man Acts 8 . 26 . The angel Acts 10 . 3 . an Acts 12 . 7 . the angel Acts 16 . 9 . a vision Acts 18 . 9 . spake Acts 20 . 19 . Serving Acts 23 . 9 . if Acts 26 . 16 . in the 2 Timothy 4 . 17 . the Lord
Fear not . Acts 18 . 9 , Acts 18 . 10 , Genesis 15 . 1 , Genesis 46 . 3 , 1 Kings 17 . 13 , 2 Kings 6 . 16 , Isaiah 41 . 10-14 , Isaiah 43 . 1-5 , Matthew 10 . 28 , Revelation 1 . 17
thou . Acts 9 . 15 , Acts 19 . 21 , Acts 23 . 11 , Acts 25 . 11 , Matthew 10 . 18 , John 11 . 9 , 2 Timothy 4 . 16 , 2 Timothy 4 . 17 , Revelation 11 . 5-7
lo . Acts 27 . 37 , Genesis 12 . 2 , Genesis 18 . 23-32 , Genesis 19 . 21 , Genesis 19 . 22 , Genesis 19 . 29 , Genesis 30 . 27 , Genesis 39 . 5 , Genesis 39 . 23 , Isaiah 58 . 11 , Isaiah 58 . 12 , Micah 5 . 7 , James 5 . 16
Reciprocal . Genesis 18 . 19 . that the Genesis 18 . 24 . spare Deuteronomy 3 . 2 . Fear Deuteronomy 20 . 3 . be ye terrified Joshua 6 . 23 . out Rahab 2 Kings 2 . 12 . My father 2 Kings 6 . 10 . saved 2 Kings 20 . 6 . I will add Job 22 . 30 . He shall deliver the island of the innocent Job 35 . 8 . may profit Psalm 31 . 15 . My times Psalm 49 . 5 . Wherefore Psalm 64 . 1 . preserve Psalm 119 . 94 . I am thine Isaiah 38 . 5 . I will Lamentations 3 . 57 . thou saidst Ezekiel 14 . 16 . they shall Daniel 2 . 24 . Destroy Daniel 6 . 16 . Thy God Daniel 10 . 12 . Fear not Jonah 1 . 12 . for Haggai 2 . 5 . fear Matthew 24 . 6 . must Luke 1 . 30 . General John 16 . 13 . he will show Acts 12 . 7 . the angel Acts 16 . 9 . a vision Acts 22 . 15 . thou shalt Acts 26 . 16 . in the Acts 27 . 44 . that 1 Peter 4 . 18 . if
I believe . Acts 27 . 11 , Acts 27 . 21 , Numbers 23 . 19 , 2 Chronicles 20 . 20 , Luke 1 . 45 , Romans 4 . 20 , Romans 4 . 21 , 2 Timothy 1 . 12
Reciprocal . Psalm 112 . 7 . trusting Psalm 119 . 42 . for I trust Isaiah 7 . 9 . If ye Isaiah 43 . 1 . I have called Jonah 3 . 5 . believed John 16 . 33 . but Acts 14 . 15 . Sirs Acts 23 . 11 . Be Acts 27 . 22 . I exhort Romans 4 . 18 . against
a certain . Acts 28 . 1
Reciprocal . Acts 27 . 41 . they ran
the fourteenth . Acts 27 . 18-20
Adria . Adria strictly speaking , was the name of the Adriatic gulf , now the Gulf of Venice , an arm of the Mediterranean , about 400 miles long and 140 broad , stretching along the eastern shores of Italy on one side , and Dalmatia , Sclavonia , and Macedonia on the other. But the term Adria was extended far beyond the limits of this gulf , and appears to have been given to an indeterminate extent of sea , as we say , generally , the Levant. It is observable , that the sacred historian does not say "in the Adriatic gulf ," but "in Adria ," (that is , the Adriatic sea , נוכבדןע [Strong's G99] being understood); which , says Hesychius , was the same as the Ionian sea; and Strabo says that the Ionian gulf "is a part of that now called the Adriatic." But not only the Ionian , but even the Sicilian sea , and part of that which washes Crete , were called the Adriatic. Thus the scholiast on Dionysius Periegetis says , "they call this Sicilian sea Adria." And Ptolemy says that Sicily was bounded on the east by the Adriatic , ץנן [Strong's G5259] , הסיןי [Strong's G99] , and that Crete was bounded on the west by the Adriatic sea , ץנן [Strong's G5259] , פןץ [Strong's G5120] , הסיבפיךןם נוכבדןע [Strong's G3989].
the shipmen . Acts 27 . 30 , 1 Kings 9 . 27 , Jonah 1 . 6 , Revelation 18 . 17
Reciprocal . Acts 27 . 15 . we Acts 27 . 33 . This
Reciprocal . Ezekiel 3 . 6 . of a strange speech and of an hard language
fallen . Acts 27 . 17 , Acts 27 . 41
anchors . Acts 27 . 30 , Acts 27 . 40 , Hebrews 6 . 19
and wished . Deuteronomy 28 . 67 , Psalm 130 . 6
Reciprocal . Acts 27 . 33 . while
the boat . Acts 27 . 16 , Acts 27 . 32
foreship . Acts 27 . 41
Reciprocal . Isaiah 33 . 23 . Thy tacklings are loosed Acts 27 . 27 . the shipmen Acts 27 . 29 . anchors Acts 27 . 40 . taken up
said . Acts 27 . 11 , Acts 27 . 21 , Acts 27 . 42 , Acts 27 . 43
Except . Acts 27 . 22-24 , Psalm 91 . 11 , Psalm 91 . 12 , Jeremiah 29 . 11-13 , Ezekiel 36 . 36 , Ezekiel 36 . 37 , Luke 1 . 34 , Luke 1 . 35 , Luke 4 . 9-12 , John 6 . 37 , 2 Thessalonians 2 . 13 , 2 Thessalonians 2 . 14
Reciprocal . Genesis 18 . 19 . that the Numbers 35 . 28 . he should Joshua 2 . 19 . whosoever 1 Kings 1 . 12 . save Matthew 8 . 5 . a centurion Acts 10 . 1 . a centurion Acts 27 . 10 . I perceive Acts 28 . 16 . the centurion 1 Peter 4 . 18 . if
Luke 16 . 8 , Philippians 3 . 7-9
Reciprocal . Acts 27 . 30 . the boat
while . Acts 27 . 29
This . Acts 27 . 27
Reciprocal . Esther 4 . 16 . eat nor drink Matthew 15 . 32 . three Acts 9 . 19 . when Acts 27 . 21 . after
for this . Matthew 15 . 32 , Mark 8 . 2 , Mark 8 . 3 , Philippians 2 . 5 , 1 Timothy 5 . 23
for there . 1 Kings 1 . 52 , Matthew 10 . 30 , Luke 12 . 7 , Luke 21 . 18
Reciprocal . 1 Samuel 14 . 45 . there shall not 2 Samuel 14 . 11 . not one hair 1 Kings 18 . 41 . Get Daniel 3 . 27 . nor was Acts 27 . 10 . I perceive Acts 27 . 22 . for
and gave . Acts 2 . 46 , Acts 2 . 47 , 1 Samuel 9 . 13 , Matthew 15 . 36 , Mark 8 . 6 , Luke 24 . 30 , John 6 . 11 , John 6 . 23 , Romans 14 . 6 , 1 Corinthians 10 . 30 , 1 Corinthians 10 . 31 , 1 Timothy 4 . 3 , 1 Timothy 4 . 4
in . Psalm 119 . 46 , Romans 1 . 16 , 2 Timothy 1 . 8 , 2 Timothy 1 . 12 , 1 Peter 4 . 16
Reciprocal . Matthew 14 . 19 . he blessed Mark 6 . 41 . blessed Luke 9 . 16 . he blessed 1 Corinthians 15 . 57 . thanks
they all . Psalm 27 . 14 , 2 Corinthians 1 . 4-6
Reciprocal . Acts 27 . 22 . I exhort
two . Acts 27 . 24
souls . Acts 2 . 41 , Acts 7 . 14 , Romans 13 . 1 , 1 Peter 3 . 20
they lightened . Acts 27 . 18 , Acts 27 . 19 , Job 2 . 4 , Jonah 1 . 5 , Matthew 6 . 25 , Matthew 16 . 26 , Hebrews 12 . 1
The wheat . The Romans imported corn from Egypt , by way of Alexandria , to which this ship belonged; for a curious account of which see Bryant's treatise on the Euroclydon.
Reciprocal . Ecclesiastes 3 . 6 . and a time to cast Mark 13 . 15 . General Luke 12 . 23 . General Philippians 3 . 7 . General
taken up . etc. or , cut the anchors , they left them in the sea , etc. Acts 27 . 29 , Acts 27 . 30
the rudder bands . Or , "the bands of the rudders;" for large vessels in ancient times had two or more rudders , which were fastened to the ship by means of bands , or chains , by which they were hoisted out of the water when incapable of being used. These bands being loosed , the rudders would fall into their proper places , and serve to steer the vessel into the creek , which they had in view , and hoisted. Isaiah 33 . 23
Reciprocal . Hebrews 6 . 19 . as an
they ran . Acts 27 . 17 , Acts 27 . 26-29 , 2 Corinthians 11 . 25
broken . 1 Kings 22 . 48 , 2 Chronicles 20 . 37 , Ezekiel 27 . 26 , Ezekiel 27 . 34 , 2 Corinthians 11 . 25 , 2 Corinthians 11 . 26
Reciprocal . Isaiah 33 . 23 . Thy tacklings are loosed Mark 4 . 37 . great storm Acts 27 . 10 . damage Acts 27 . 29 . fallen Acts 27 . 30 . foreship Romans 15 . 32 . I may
Psalm 74 . 20 , Proverbs 12 . 10 , Ecclesiastes 9 . 3 , Mark 15 . 15-20 , Luke 23 . 40 , Luke 23 . 41
Reciprocal . Acts 26 . 17 . Delivering Acts 27 . 31 . said 1 Peter 4 . 18 . if
willing . Acts 27 . 3 , Acts 27 . 11 , Acts 27 . 31 , Acts 23 . 10 , Acts 23 . 24 , Proverbs 16 . 7 , 2 Corinthians 11 . 25
Reciprocal . Jeremiah 26 . 24 . that Jeremiah 40 . 5 . gave him Matthew 8 . 5 . a centurion Matthew 27 . 54 . the centurion Mark 15 . 39 . the centurion Luke 7 . 2 . centurion's Acts 10 . 1 . a centurion Acts 22 . 25 . the centurion Acts 28 . 16 . the centurion
that . Acts 27 . 22 , Acts 27 . 24 , Psalm 107 . 28-30 , Amos 9 . 9 , John 6 . 39 , John 6 . 40 , 2 Corinthians 1 . 8-10 , 1 Peter 4 . 18
land . Melita , now Malta , the island on which Paul and his companions were cast , is situate in the Mediterranean sea , about fifty miles from the coast of Sicily , towards Africa; and is one immense rock of soft white free-stone , twenty miles long , twelve in its greatest breadth , and sixty in circumference. Some , however , with the learned Jacob Bryant , are of opinion that this island was Melita in the Adriatic gulf , near Illyricum; but it may be sufficient to observe , that the course of the Alexandrian ship , first to Syracuse and then to Rhegium , proves that it was the present Malta , as the proper course from the Illyrian Melita would have been first to Rhegium , before it reached Syracuse , to which indeed it need not have gone at all.
Reciprocal . Acts 28 . 1 . the island 1 Corinthians 3 . 15 . he shall 1 Corinthians 10 . 13 . make