How to read this page

An Intertextuality Pair — one connection between two passages, shown as linked verse cards: the Later text and the Earlier text it quotes, alludes to or echoes. The Significance essay explains why the link matters and where it points in Christ.

Reference Type— how explicit the link is: Quotation, Allusion, or Echo
Connection Method(s)— how it carries meaning: e.g. Typology, Promise-Fulfillment, Analogy, Longitudinal Theme
Found via— where the connection was identified, e.g. the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge or an Anchor-Text Network

Graph View — tap the constellation icon in the top bar to see this page's connections as a web of light: gold points are passages, and the coloured threads are the connection types. Click any type in the graph's own legend to filter it in or out, and use the expand control for the full-screen night sky.

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Intertextuality Pair

Matthew 18:16 → Deuteronomy 19:15

Quotation

Later text

Matthew 18:16BSB

But if he will not listen, take one or two others along, so that ‘every matter may be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.’

Earlier text

Deuteronomy 19:15BSB

A lone witness is not sufficient to establish any wrongdoing or sin against a man, regardless of what offense he may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.

Walk the Square · a single-voice walk of this pair around the Clowney square8:20

Significance

Jesus applies Torah's witness requirement to church discipline, demonstrating continuity of God's judicial principles from old to new covenant communities. The requirement of two or three witnesses protects the accused from false charges while ensuring proper accountability for genuine sin. This shows that moral and judicial principles from Torah remain binding for the church. Jesus adapts Mosaic legal procedures to the new covenant context, establishing the church as a covenant community governed by God's righteous standards adapted for the new era.

Found via: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Reference Type: Direct Quotation
Connection Method(s): Analogy