How to read this page

An Intertextuality Pair — one connection between two passages, shown as linked verse cards: the Later text and the Earlier text it quotes, alludes to or echoes. The Significance essay explains why the link matters and where it points in Christ.

Reference Type— how explicit the link is: Quotation, Allusion, or Echo
Connection Method(s)— how it carries meaning: e.g. Typology, Promise-Fulfillment, Analogy, Longitudinal Theme
Found via— where the connection was identified, e.g. the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge or an Anchor-Text Network

Graph View — tap the constellation icon in the top bar to see this page's connections as a web of light: gold points are passages, and the coloured threads are the connection types. Click any type in the graph's own legend to filter it in or out, and use the expand control for the full-screen night sky.

New to a term? The Glossary explains every abbreviation and term on the site in plain words.

Intertextuality Pair

Luke 22:31 → Job 1:6-12

Allusion

Later text

Luke 22:31BSB

Simon, Simon, Satan has asked to sift each of you like wheat.

Earlier text

Job 1:6-12BSB

One day the sons of God came to present themselves before the LORD, and Satan also came with them. “Where have you come from?” said the LORD to Satan. “From roaming through the earth,” he replied, “and walking back and forth in it.” Then the LORD said to Satan, "Have you considered My servant Job? For there is no one on earth like him, a man who is blameless and upright, who fears God and shuns evil." Satan answered the LORD, "Does Job fear God for nothing? Have You not placed a hedge on every side around him and his household and all that he owns? You have blessed the work of his hands, and his possessions have increased in the land. But stretch out Your hand and strike all that he has, and he will surely curse You to Your face." “Very well,” said the LORD to Satan. “Everything he has is in your hands, but you must not lay a hand on the man himself.” Then Satan went out from the presence of the LORD.

Walk the Square · a single-voice walk of this pair around the Clowney square13:13

Significance

Jesus' warning to Peter — "Simon, Simon, Satan has asked (exēitēsato) to sift each of you like wheat" (Luke 22:31) — evokes the heavenly-court scene of Job 1:6-12, where haśśāṭān ("the Accuser") presents himself before Yahweh and requests permission to afflict Job. The Greek exaiteō ("to demand, to ask out") implies a formal request made before a superior authority — just as Satan in Job must receive divine permission before acting. The structural parallel is precise: Satan desires to afflict a righteous person; God permits it within limits; the purpose is testing that ultimately reveals faithfulness. Jesus' intercession ("I have prayed for you, Simon, that your faith will not fail," Luke 22:32) corresponds to the role God plays in Job's story — the adversary operates within divinely set parameters, and the tested person, though pressed to the limit, ultimately emerges in faith. The Satan-as-accuser-before-God pattern is a consistent canonical motif (also Zechariah 3:1-2; Revelation 12:10).

Found via: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Reference Type: Allusion
Connection Method(s): Analogy + Longitudinal Theme