How to read this page

An Intertextuality Pair — one connection between two passages, shown as linked verse cards: the Later text and the Earlier text it quotes, alludes to or echoes. The Significance essay explains why the link matters and where it points in Christ.

Reference Type— how explicit the link is: Quotation, Allusion, or Echo
Connection Method(s)— how it carries meaning: e.g. Typology, Promise-Fulfillment, Analogy, Longitudinal Theme
Found via— where the connection was identified, e.g. the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge or an Anchor-Text Network

Graph View — tap the constellation icon in the top bar to see this page's connections as a web of light: gold points are passages, and the coloured threads are the connection types. Click any type in the graph's own legend to filter it in or out, and use the expand control for the full-screen night sky.

New to a term? The Glossary explains every abbreviation and term on the site in plain words.

Intertextuality Pair

2 Corinthians 4:13 → Psalms 116:10

Quotation

Later text

2 Corinthians 4:13BSB

And in keeping with what is written: “I believed, therefore I have spoken,” we who have the same spirit of faith also believe and therefore speak,

Earlier text

Psalms 116:10BSB

I believed, therefore I said, “I am greatly afflicted.”

Walk the Square · a single-voice walk of this pair around the Clowney square8:44

Significance

Paul quotes Psalm 116:10 verbatim from the LXX (Ps 115:1), where the psalmist testified of faith amid life-threatening affliction. Paul shares the psalmist's suffering-to-testimony pattern - both believed despite distress and therefore spoke boldly. However, Paul's faith has christological content: he believes in the resurrected Jesus (4:14). This shows covenant continuity - Paul stands in the faith tradition of his ancestors while adding the new element of belief in God's Son. The quotation demonstrates OT authority for Paul's Gentile audience and models how affliction doesn't silence witness but rather proves the Spirit's power in weakness.

Found via: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Reference Type: Direct Quotation
Connection Method(s): Analogy

Hermeneutical Notes

Prosopological Shift: Speaker extends — the psalmist's first-person confession "I believed, and so I spoke" becomes the shared voice of apostolic ministers who speak by "the same spirit of faith." The shift is more subtle: not a change in referent, but an extension of the psalmist's voice into the apostolic present, making psalmist and apostle co-speakers across redemptive history.