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An Intertextuality Pair — one connection between two passages, shown as linked verse cards: the Later text and the Earlier text it quotes, alludes to or echoes. The Significance essay explains why the link matters and where it points in Christ.

Reference Type— how explicit the link is: Quotation, Allusion, or Echo
Connection Method(s)— how it carries meaning: e.g. Typology, Promise-Fulfillment, Analogy, Longitudinal Theme
Found via— where the connection was identified, e.g. the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge or an Anchor-Text Network

Graph View — tap the constellation icon in the top bar to see this page's connections as a web of light: gold points are passages, and the coloured threads are the connection types. Click any type in the graph's own legend to filter it in or out, and use the expand control for the full-screen night sky.

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Intertextuality Pair

2 Thessalonians 2:11 → 1 Kings 22:23

Echo

Later text

2 Thessalonians 2:11BSB

For this reason God will send them a powerful delusion so that they believe the lie,

Earlier text

1 Kings 22:23BSB

So you see, the LORD has put a lying spirit in the mouths of all these prophets of yours, and the LORD has pronounced disaster against you."

+ 3 more earlier texts

Earlier text

2 Samuel 24:1BSB

Again the anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and He stirred up David against them, saying, "Go and take a census of Israel and Judah."

Earlier text

1 Chronicles 21:1BSB

Then Satan rose up against Israel and incited David to take a census of Israel.

Earlier text

Ezekiel 14:9BSB

But if the prophet is enticed to speak a message, then it was I the LORD who enticed him, and I will stretch out My hand against him and destroy him from among My people Israel.

Walk the Square · a single-voice walk of this pair around the Clowney square13:33

Significance

Paul's statement that "God sends them a work of deception" reflects the OT pattern where God employs evil forces or allows deception to accomplish judicial purposes, most clearly seen in 1 Kings 22:19-23 where God sends a deceiving spirit to Ahab's prophets, and in parallel accounts of David's census (2 Samuel 24:1 vs. 1 Chronicles 21:1) showing God's sovereignty operates through evil actions. The theological pattern is consistent: when people persistently reject God's truth, God judicially gives them over to the error they chose (cf. Romans 1:24, 26, 28; 11:8; Ezekiel 14:9), which is simultaneously divine judgment (consequences of their choice) and human moral responsibility (they chose the deception). Paul stands firmly within OT thought patterns regarding God's sovereignty over evil, explaining why the man of lawlessness's false signs will be effective—humanly, people refuse to love truth (verse 10); divinely, God sends deception as judgment. This provides both warning (love of truth is essential for salvation) and comfort (even the success of false teaching serves God's sovereign purposes and his people need not be alarmed).

Found via: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Reference Type: Echo
Connection Method(s): Analogy