How to read this page

An Intertextuality Pair — one connection between two passages, shown as linked verse cards: the Later text and the Earlier text it quotes, alludes to or echoes. The Significance essay explains why the link matters and where it points in Christ.

Reference Type— how explicit the link is: Quotation, Allusion, or Echo
Connection Method(s)— how it carries meaning: e.g. Typology, Promise-Fulfillment, Analogy, Longitudinal Theme
Found via— where the connection was identified, e.g. the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge or an Anchor-Text Network

Graph View — tap the constellation icon in the top bar to see this page's connections as a web of light: gold points are passages, and the coloured threads are the connection types. Click any type in the graph's own legend to filter it in or out, and use the expand control for the full-screen night sky.

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Intertextuality Pair

2 Timothy 4:16 → Psalms 22:1

Allusion

Later text

2 Timothy 4:16BSB

At my first defense, no one stood with me, but everyone deserted me. May it not be charged against them.

Earlier text

Psalms 22:1BSB

For the choirmaster. To the tune of "The Doe of the Dawn." A Psalm of David. My God, my God, why have You forsaken me? Why are You so far from saving me, so far from my words of groaning?

Significance

Paul's lament that "everyone deserted me" at his first defense (en tē prōtē mou apologia oudeis moi paragenoeto, alla pantes me enkatelipon) echoes the abandonment theme of Psalm 22, where the Messiah cries "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?" The TSK connects 2 Timothy 4:16 to Psalm 31:11-13 and Psalm 142:4 — psalms of abandonment in the same tradition. Paul's experience of desertion at his Roman trial mirrors the pattern of the righteous sufferer abandoned by all human support. Yet Paul's immediate follow-up — "may it not be charged against them" (4:16b) — echoes Stephen's prayer (Acts 7:60) and ultimately Christ's own intercession from the cross. The apostle's suffering follows the paradigmatic pattern established in the messianic psalms: abandonment by humans, sustained by divine faithfulness.

Found via: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Reference Type: Allusion
Connection Method(s): Analogy + Longitudinal Theme

▸ Psalm 22 — My God My God Why Hast Thou Forsaken Me

Linked Mentions 1

Anchor Texts 1

Psalm 22 — My God, My God, Why Hast Thou Forsaken Me

2 Timothy 4:16 → Psalms 22:1

Significance

Related Anchor-Text Networks