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An Intertextuality Pair — one connection between two passages, shown as linked verse cards: the Later text and the Earlier text it quotes, alludes to or echoes. The Significance essay explains why the link matters and where it points in Christ.

Reference Type— how explicit the link is: Quotation, Allusion, or Echo
Connection Method(s)— how it carries meaning: e.g. Typology, Promise-Fulfillment, Analogy, Longitudinal Theme
Found via— where the connection was identified, e.g. the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge or an Anchor-Text Network

Graph View — tap the constellation icon in the top bar to see this page's connections as a web of light: gold points are passages, and the coloured threads are the connection types. Click any type in the graph's own legend to filter it in or out, and use the expand control for the full-screen night sky.

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Intertextuality Pair

Titus 2:13 → Isaiah 40:5

Allusion

Later text

Titus 2:13BSB

as we await the blessed hope and glorious appearance of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ.

Earlier text

Isaiah 40:5BSB

And the glory of the LORD will be revealed, and all humanity together will see it. For the mouth of the LORD has spoken.”

+ 3 more earlier texts

Earlier text

Isaiah 60:1-2BSB

Arise, shine, for your light has come, and the glory of the LORD rises upon you. For behold, darkness covers the earth, and thick darkness is over the peoples; but the LORD will rise upon you, and His glory will appear over you.

Earlier text

Isaiah 35:4BSB

Say to those with anxious hearts: “Be strong, do not fear! Behold, your God will come with vengeance. With divine retribution He will come to save you.”

Earlier text

Malachi 3:1BSB

"Behold, I will send My messenger, who will prepare the way before Me. Then the Lord whom you seek will suddenly come to His temple—the Messenger of the covenant, in whom you delight—see, He is coming," says the LORD of Hosts.

Walk the Square · a single-voice walk of this pair around the Clowney square7:24

Significance

Paul's description of Christ's return as "the appearing of the glory" employs language the OT reserved for Yahweh's visible manifestation. Isaiah 40:5 promises "the glory of the LORD shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together," while Isaiah 60:1-2 envisions God's glory rising upon Zion in the last days. Throughout the OT, "the glory of the LORD" signifies God's visible, powerful presence—in the wilderness (Exodus 16:7, 10; 24:16-17), in the tabernacle (Exodus 40:34-35), in the temple (1 Kings 8:11). The prophets anticipated a future day when God's glory would be universally revealed in judgment and salvation (Isaiah 35:4; Malachi 3:1-2; Zechariah 14:5). Paul's transfer of this "glory" language to Jesus Christ's return reveals his high Christology: Jesus shares in the divine identity such that his parousia fulfills OT promises of Yahweh's coming. The phrase "our great God and Savior Jesus Christ" (grammatically most likely referring to one person, Jesus) makes this explicit—Paul ascribes to Jesus both deity ("great God") and the saving role ("Savior") that the OT attributes to Yahweh alone. The "blessed hope" is not merely for improved circumstances but for the consummation of redemption when the glory hidden in Christ's first appearing will be fully revealed. This eschatological tension—living between grace's appearing and glory's appearing—shapes Christian ethics in 2:12 ("training us to renounce ungodliness").

Found via: G.K. Beale, _Commentary on the New Testament Use of the Old Testament_
Reference Type: Allusion
Connection Method(s): Promise-Fulfillment

▸ Isa 40:3 — A Voice Crying in the Wilderness

Linked Mentions 2

Trajectory Tables 1

Glory-Cloud (Divine Presence) Trajectory Table

Anchor Texts 1

Isaiah 40:3 — A Voice Crying in the Wilderness

Titus 2:13 → Isaiah 40:5

Significance

Related Anchor-Text Networks