Later text
James 2:23BSB
And the Scripture was fulfilled that says, "Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness," and he was called a friend of God.
Intertextuality Pair
Quotation
Later text
James 2:23BSB
And the Scripture was fulfilled that says, "Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness," and he was called a friend of God.
Earlier text
Genesis 15:6BSB
Abram believed the LORD, and it was credited to him as righteousness.
James explicitly quotes Genesis 15:6 with the formula "the Scripture was fulfilled" (eplērōthē hē graphē): "Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness" (episteusen de Abraam tō theō kai elogisthē autō eis dikaiosynēn). While Paul cites this same verse in Romans 4:3 and Galatians 3:6 to establish justification by faith apart from works, James appeals to it differently — arguing that Abraham's faith was "made complete" (eteleiōthē) by his works (the offering of Isaac in Gen 22). James does not contradict Paul but addresses a different question: not how a person is declared righteous before God, but how genuine faith manifests itself. The quotation traces the redemptive-historical trajectory of Abraham's faith from initial belief (Gen 15) to demonstrated obedience (Gen 22), showing that living faith necessarily produces works.
▸ Gen 15:6 — Abraham Believed God