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An Intertextuality Pair — one connection between two passages, shown as linked verse cards: the Later text and the Earlier text it quotes, alludes to or echoes. The Significance essay explains why the link matters and where it points in Christ.

Reference Type— how explicit the link is: Quotation, Allusion, or Echo
Connection Method(s)— how it carries meaning: e.g. Typology, Promise-Fulfillment, Analogy, Longitudinal Theme
Found via— where the connection was identified, e.g. the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge or an Anchor-Text Network

Graph View — tap the constellation icon in the top bar to see this page's connections as a web of light: gold points are passages, and the coloured threads are the connection types. Click any type in the graph's own legend to filter it in or out, and use the expand control for the full-screen night sky.

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Intertextuality Pair

Revelation 14:8 → Jeremiah 51:7-8

Allusion

Later text

Revelation 14:8BSB

Then a second angel followed, saying, “Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, who has made all the nations drink the wine of the passion of her immorality.”

Earlier text

Jeremiah 51:7-8BSB

Babylon was a gold cup in the hand of the LORD, making the whole earth drunk. The nations drank her wine; therefore the nations have gone mad. Suddenly Babylon has fallen and been shattered. Wail for her; get her balm for her pain; perhaps she can be healed.

Significance

John draws on Jeremiah's image of Babylon as a golden cup in YHWH's hand that made the nations drunk and then itself fell suddenly (Jer 51:7-8). The language of "fallen, fallen is Babylon" and the wine imagery directly echoes Jeremiah's oracle against historical Babylon. John transfers this judgment language to the eschatological Babylon, showing that the pattern of imperial seduction and divine overthrow continues in the last days. The "wine of the passion of her immorality" (oinos tou thymou tēs porneias) fuses Jeremiah's cup-of-wrath motif with the harlotry imagery of the prophets. This allusion situates Revelation's Babylon within the canonical trajectory of empire-as-seductress that runs from Babel through Nebuchadnezzar to Rome and beyond.

Found via: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Reference Type: Allusion
Connection Method(s): Longitudinal Theme + Analogy

Linked Mentions 1

Trajectory Tables 1

Spiritual Adultery (Covenant Faithfulness and Idolatry) Trajectory Table