Later text
And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne. And there were open books, and one of them was the Book of Life. And the dead were judged according to their deeds, as recorded in the books.
Intertextuality Pair
Allusion
Later text
And I saw the dead, great and small, standing before the throne. And there were open books, and one of them was the Book of Life. And the dead were judged according to their deeds, as recorded in the books.
Earlier text
“At that time Michael, the great prince who stands watch over your people, will rise up. There will be a time of distress, the likes of which will not have occurred from the beginning of nations until that time. But at that time your people—everyone whose name is found written in the book—will be delivered. And many who sleep in the dust of the earth will awake, some to everlasting life, but others to shame and everlasting contempt.
Daniel 12:1-2 describes the end-time deliverance: "everyone whose name is found written in the book" will be delivered, and "many who sleep in the dust of the earth will awake, some to everlasting life, but others to shame and everlasting contempt." Revelation 20:12 echoes both elements: "there were open books, and one of them was the Book of Life. And the dead were judged according to their deeds." Both texts share the book of life, resurrection of the dead, and dual destinies. Daniel's "book" (sepher) becomes Revelation's "Book of Life" (biblos tēs zōēs); Daniel's two-fold awakening (life or contempt) corresponds to Revelation's judgment leading to either the Book of Life or the lake of fire (20:15). John reads Daniel's eschatological resurrection as fulfilled in the final judgment, the most explicit OT text anticipating bodily resurrection to differential destinies.