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An Intertextuality Pair — one connection between two passages, shown as linked verse cards: the Later text and the Earlier text it quotes, alludes to or echoes. The Significance essay explains why the link matters and where it points in Christ.

Reference Type— how explicit the link is: Quotation, Allusion, or Echo
Connection Method(s)— how it carries meaning: e.g. Typology, Promise-Fulfillment, Analogy, Longitudinal Theme
Found via— where the connection was identified, e.g. the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge or an Anchor-Text Network

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Intertextuality Pair

2 Chronicles 32:31 → Deuteronomy 8:2

Allusion

Later text

2 Chronicles 32:31BSB

And so when ambassadors of the rulers of Babylon were sent to him to inquire about the wonder that had happened in the land, God left him alone to test him, that He might know all that was in Hezekiah's heart.

Earlier text

Deuteronomy 8:2BSB

Remember that these forty years the LORD your God led you all the way in the wilderness, so that He might humble you and test you in order to know what was in your heart, whether or not you would keep His commandments.

Significance

Deuteronomy 8:2 states God tested Israel "to know what was in your heart" (לָדַעַת אֶת אֲשֶׁר בִּלְבָבְךָ, lada'at et 'asher bilvavekha), and 2 Chronicles 32:31 uses strikingly similar language about Hezekiah: "God left him alone to test him, that He might know all that was in Hezekiah's heart" (לְנַסּוֹתוֹ לָדַעַת כָּל אֲשֶׁר בִּלְבָבוֹ, lenassoto lada'at kol 'asher bilvavo). The verbal parallel is nearly exact—both texts use the sequence נסה + לדעת + בלבב (test + to know + in his heart). The Chronicler deliberately applies Moses's wilderness-testing theology to Hezekiah's encounter with Babylonian envoys, interpreting the diplomatic visit as a divinely orchestrated test that revealed Hezekiah's heart—just as the wilderness tested Israel's heart. This is one of the clearest cases of a later author deliberately applying Deuteronomic theology to a specific historical situation.

Found via: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Reference Type: Allusion
Connection Method(s): Longitudinal Theme + Analogy — The two texts share the same testing grammar: Deuteronomy 8:2's "test you in order to know what was in your heart" and 2 Chronicles 32:31's "to test him, that He might know all that was in Hezekiah's heart." The Chronicler deliberately extends Moses' wilderness-testing theme to a king tested by prosperity rather than want — one longitudinal theme of heart-revealing testing, applied by analogy from nation to king, and answered finally in the tested and faithful Son.