Intertextuality Pair

2 Chronicles 35:1-19 → 2 Kings 23:21-23

Quotation

Later text

2 Chronicles 35:1-19BSB

Then Josiah celebrated the Passover to the LORD in Jerusalem, and the Passover lamb was slaughtered on the fourteenth day of the first month. He appointed the priests to their duties and encouraged them in the service of the house of the LORD. To the Levites who taught all Israel and were holy to the LORD, Josiah said: “Put the holy ark in the temple built by Solomon son of David king of Israel. It is not to be carried around on your shoulders. Now serve the LORD your God and His people Israel. Prepare yourselves by families in your divisions, according to the instructions written by David king of Israel and Solomon his son. Moreover, stand in the Holy Place by the divisions of the families of your kinsmen the lay people, and by the divisions of the families of the Levites. Slaughter the Passover lambs, consecrate yourselves, and make preparations for your fellow countrymen to carry out the word of the LORD given by Moses." From his own flocks and herds Josiah contributed 30,000 lambs and goats plus 3,000 bulls for the Passover offerings for all the people who were present. His officials also contributed willingly to the people and priests and Levites. Hilkiah, Zechariah, and Jehiel, the administrators of the house of God, gave the priests 2,600 Passover offerings and 300 bulls. Additionally, Conaniah and his brothers Shemaiah and Nethanel, as well as Hashabiah, Jeiel, and Jozabad, officers of the Levites, donated to the Levites 5,000 Passover offerings and 500 bulls. So the service was prepared; the priests stood in their places and the Levites in their divisions according to the king’s command. And they slaughtered the Passover lambs, while the priests sprinkled the blood handed to them and the Levites skinned the animals. They set aside the burnt offerings to be given to the divisions of the families of the people to offer to the LORD, as is written in the Book of Moses; and they did the same with the bulls. They roasted the Passover animals on the fire according to the regulation, and they boiled the other holy offerings in pots, kettles, and bowls and quickly brought them to all the people. Afterward, they made preparations for themselves and for the priests, since the priests, the descendants of Aaron, were offering up burnt offerings and fat until nightfall. So the Levites made preparations for themselves and for the priests, the descendants of Aaron. The singers, the descendants of Asaph, were at their stations according to the command of David, Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun the king’s seer. And the gatekeepers at each gate did not need to leave their position, because their fellow Levites made preparations for them. So on that day the entire service of the LORD was carried out for celebrating the Passover and offering burnt offerings on the altar of the LORD, according to the command of King Josiah. The Israelites who were present also observed the Passover at that time, as well as the Feast of Unleavened Bread for seven days. No such Passover had been observed in Israel since the days of Samuel the prophet. None of the kings of Israel ever observed a Passover like the one that Josiah observed with the priests, the Levites, all Judah, the Israelites who were present, and the people of Jerusalem. In the eighteenth year of Josiah’s reign, this Passover was observed.

Earlier text

2 Kings 23:21-23BSB

The king commanded all the people, "Keep the Passover of the LORD your God, as it is written in this Book of the Covenant." No such Passover had been observed from the days of the judges who had governed Israel through all the days of the kings of Israel and Judah. But in the eighteenth year of Josiah's reign, this Passover was observed to the LORD in Jerusalem.

Significance

These are parallel accounts of Josiah's unprecedented Passover celebration. Kings devotes three verses to it; the Chronicler devotes 19, making it one of the most detailed liturgical accounts in Scripture. The Chronicler specifies the Levitical musicians (Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun), the gatekeepers at their posts, the precise distribution of animals by priestly families, and the roasting/boiling procedures — all showing compliance with Torah requirements. Both texts emphasize the Passover's uniqueness: "No such Passover had been observed from the days of the judges" (2 Kgs 23:22) / "since the days of Samuel the prophet" (2 Chr 35:18). The celebration represents the climax of Josiah's Torah-driven reform.

Found via
Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Reference Type
Direct Quotation
Connection Method(s)
Redemptive-Historical Progression — Kings compresses the celebration into three verses (2 Kgs 23:21-23) while the Chronicler unfolds the same eighteenth-year Passover into a nineteen-verse liturgical account (priestly divisions, Levitical service, animals "roasted... on the fire according to the regulation"), retelling it for the post-exilic community as the high-water mark of covenant renewal in redemptive history — the recovered feast that points forward to the true Passover fulfilled in Christ.

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