How to read this page

An Intertextuality Pair — one connection between two passages, shown as linked verse cards: the Later text and the Earlier text it quotes, alludes to or echoes. The Significance essay explains why the link matters and where it points in Christ.

Reference Type— how explicit the link is: Quotation, Allusion, or Echo
Connection Method(s)— how it carries meaning: e.g. Typology, Promise-Fulfillment, Analogy, Longitudinal Theme
Found via— where the connection was identified, e.g. the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge or an Anchor-Text Network

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Intertextuality Pair

Isaiah 24:5 → Genesis 9:16

Allusion

Later text

Isaiah 24:5BSB

The earth is defiled by its people; they have transgressed the laws; they have overstepped the decrees and broken the everlasting covenant.

Earlier text

Genesis 9:16BSB

And whenever the rainbow appears in the clouds, I will see it and remember the everlasting covenant between God and every living creature of every kind that is on the earth."

Significance

Isaiah 24:5 charges that earth's inhabitants have "broken the everlasting covenant" (בְּרִית עוֹלָם, berit olam), a phrase that points back to the Noahic covenant in Genesis 9:16 — the only prior covenant explicitly called an "everlasting covenant" (בְּרִית עוֹלָם) between God and all life on earth. Isaiah's "Little Apocalypse" presents cosmic judgment (the earth mourns, withers, is utterly laid waste) as the consequence of violating this universal covenant. The connection implies that the moral obligations binding all humanity — not just Israel — trace back to God's post-flood covenant with Noah, and their violation brings a curse (אָלָה, alah) that consumes the earth (24:6).

Found via: Albert Barnes, Notes on the Bible (1834)
Reference Type: Allusion
Connection Method(s): Longitudinal Theme