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An Intertextuality Pair — one connection between two passages, shown as linked verse cards: the Later text and the Earlier text it quotes, alludes to or echoes. The Significance essay explains why the link matters and where it points in Christ.

Reference Type— how explicit the link is: Quotation, Allusion, or Echo
Connection Method(s)— how it carries meaning: e.g. Typology, Promise-Fulfillment, Analogy, Longitudinal Theme
Found via— where the connection was identified, e.g. the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge or an Anchor-Text Network

Graph View — tap the constellation icon in the top bar to see this page's connections as a web of light: gold points are passages, and the coloured threads are the connection types. Click any type in the graph's own legend to filter it in or out, and use the expand control for the full-screen night sky.

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Intertextuality Pair

Isaiah 25:10 → Numbers 24:17

Allusion

Later text

Isaiah 25:10BSB

For the hand of the LORD will rest on this mountain. But Moab will be trampled in his place as straw is trodden into the dung pile.

Earlier text

Numbers 24:17BSB

I see him, but not now; I behold him, but not near. A star will come forth from Jacob, and a scepter will arise from Israel. He will crush the skulls of Moab and strike down all the sons of Sheth.

Significance

Balaam's oracle in Numbers 24:17 promises that "a scepter will arise from Israel" who will "crush the skulls of Moab" (מָחַץ פַּאֲתֵי מוֹאָב, machatz pa'atei Mo'av). Isaiah 25:10 picks up the anti-Moab tradition with an image of its own: Moab will be threshed in his place — דושׁ (dush, "to thresh," used twice in the verse) — as straw is threshed into a dung-pit (מַדְמֵנָה, madmenah). Both texts envision the decisive subjugation of Moab by a figure or force arising from Israel, and Isaiah places this within the eschatological context of the LORD's mountain feast (25:6-9) and the swallowing up of death (25:8). Balaam's prophecy of a future conqueror of Moab finds its prophetic elaboration in Isaiah's vision of God's kingdom triumph. Balaam's oracle in fact pairs two royal images — "a star... out of Jacob" alongside the scepter — both converging on the same messianic conqueror who subdues Moab.

Found via: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Reference Type: Allusion
Connection Method(s): Promise-Fulfillment

▸ Star Out of Jacob

Linked Mentions 1

Anchor Texts 1

Numbers 24:17 — Star Out of Jacob

Isaiah 25:10 → Numbers 24:17

Significance

Related Anchor-Text Networks