How to read this page

An Intertextuality Pair — one connection between two passages, shown as linked verse cards: the Later text and the Earlier text it quotes, alludes to or echoes. The Significance essay explains why the link matters and where it points in Christ.

Reference Type— how explicit the link is: Quotation, Allusion, or Echo
Connection Method(s)— how it carries meaning: e.g. Typology, Promise-Fulfillment, Analogy, Longitudinal Theme
Found via— where the connection was identified, e.g. the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge or an Anchor-Text Network

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Intertextuality Pair

Jeremiah 48:45-46 → Numbers 21:28-29

Quotation

Later text

Jeremiah 48:45-46BSB

"Those who flee will stand helpless in Heshbon's shadow, because fire has gone forth from Heshbon and a flame from within Sihon. It devours the foreheads of Moab and the skulls of the sons of tumult. Woe to you, O Moab! The people of Chemosh have perished; for your sons have been taken into exile and your daughters have gone into captivity.

Earlier text

Numbers 21:28-29BSB

For a fire went out from Heshbon, a blaze from the city of Sihon. It consumed Ar of Moab, the rulers of Arnon's heights. Woe to you, O Moab! You are destroyed, O people of Chemosh! He gave up his sons as refugees, and his daughters into captivity to Sihon king of the Amorites.

Significance

Numbers 21:28-29 preserves an ancient taunt song about Sihon's victory over Moab: "For a fire went out from Heshbon... Woe to you, O Moab! You are destroyed, O people of Chemosh!" Jeremiah 48:45-46 quotes this passage nearly verbatim in his extended oracle against Moab, reapplying the ancient curse to a new historical context. By embedding the Numbers poetry in his prophecy, Jeremiah presents Moab's coming destruction as the fulfillment of a pattern already inscribed in Scripture. The reference to Moab as "people of Chemosh" (עַם כְּמוֹשׁ, am Kemosh) appears in both texts, linking Moab's national identity to its false deity and signaling that judgment falls on both the people and their god.

Found via: Treasury of Scripture Knowledge
Reference Type: Direct Quotation
Connection Method(s): Analogy — Jeremiah embeds the ancient taunt song nearly verbatim (fire from Heshbon; woe to the people of Chemosh) to declare that Moab's coming destruction repeats the pattern already inscribed in Scripture; the quotation functions analogically — the old defeat is the template for the new — with judgment falling again on both the people and their god.