For if you really correct your ways and deeds, if you act justly toward one another, if you no longer oppress the foreigner and the fatherless and the widow, and if you no longer shed innocent blood in this place or follow other gods to your own harm,
You shall not murder. You shall not commit adultery. You shall not steal. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
Significance
Deuteronomy 5:17-20 lists the ethical commandments of the Decalogue—do not murder, commit adultery, steal, or bear false witness—and Jeremiah 7:5-6 paraphrases these same obligations in his temple sermon: "truly practice justice (מִשְׁפָּט, mishpat) between man and his neighbor" and "do not oppress the foreigner, fatherless, or widow, and do not shed innocent blood." Jeremiah's formulation translates the Decalogue's prohibitions into positive social imperatives, demonstrating that the commandments have implications beyond individual morality. The prophet's sermon demands that temple worship be accompanied by the Decalogue's ethical requirements, or else the temple itself will share the fate of Shiloh—God's earlier sanctuary that He destroyed for Israel's sins.