Ezekiel 45:21-24 to Deuteronomy 16:13-17

Ezekiel 45:21-24 → Deuteronomy 16:13-17

Allusion

Later text

On the fourteenth day of the first month you are to observe the Passover, a feast of seven days, during which unleavened bread shall be eaten. On that day the prince shall provide a bull as a sin offering for himself and for all the people of the land. Each day during the seven days of the feast, he shall provide seven bulls and seven rams without blemish as a burnt offering to the LORD, along with a male goat for a sin offering. He shall also provide as a grain offering an ephah for each bull and an ephah for each ram, along with a hin of olive oil for each ephah of grain.

Earlier text

Deuteronomy 16:13-17BSB

You are to celebrate the Feast of Tabernacles for seven days after you have gathered the produce of your threshing floor and your winepress. And you shall rejoice in your feast—you, your sons and daughters, your menservants and maidservants, and the Levite, as well as the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widows among you. For seven days you shall celebrate a feast to the LORD your God in the place He will choose, because the LORD your God will bless you in all your produce and in all the work of your hands, so that your joy will be complete. Three times a year all your men are to appear before the LORD your God in the place He will choose: at the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the Feast of Weeks, and the Feast of Tabernacles. No one should appear before the LORD empty-handed. Everyone must appear with a gift as he is able, according to the blessing the LORD your God has given you.

Significance

Ezekiel 45:21-24 is the Passover schedule of the restored temple; Deuteronomy 16:13-17 is the law of the autumn Feast of Booths. They belong in the same conversation because of Ezekiel 45:25, which takes this Passover schedule and applies it unchanged to the seventh-month feast — "he is to make the same provision." That means Deuteronomy's autumn feast and Ezekiel's are being governed by the offerings listed here in verses 22-24. Set beside Deuteronomy, those offerings look austere. Deuteronomy's Booths is defined by three things: the harvest that occasions it ("after you have gathered (אָסַף, asaph) the produce of your threshing floor (גֹּרֶן, goren) and your winepress (יֶקֶב, yeqeb)," 16:13), the joy it commands ("so that your joy (שָׂמֵחַ, sameach) will be complete," 16:15), and the pilgrimage it requires ("all your men are to appear before the LORD... No one should appear before the LORD empty-handed," 16:16-17). Ezekiel's schedule has no harvest, no rejoicing, and no pilgrim. It has a bull as a חַטָּאת (chatta't, "sin offering") for the prince and all the people, seven bulls and seven rams תָּמִים (tamim, "without blemish") daily, a male goat as sin offering, grain and oil — all of it provided by the נָשִׂיא (nasi', "prince"). Deuteronomy tells Israel what to bring; Ezekiel tells Israel who brings it. Read together they state the gospel's two halves. Deuteronomy's demand that no one appear empty-handed is not withdrawn — it is met, by someone else, on our behalf. And the joy Deuteronomy commands but cannot create arrives only once the provision is finished: "I have told you these things so that My joy may be in you and your joy may be complete" (John 15:11).

Found via

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Reference Type

Allusion

Connection Method(s)

Redemptive-Historical Progression + Longitudinal Theme — Ezekiel's Passover schedule, which 45:25 extends to the seventh-month feast, set against Deuteronomy's autumn feast of harvest, joy, and pilgrimage