1 Samuel 20

1 Samuel 20:1

Then David fled from Naioth in Ramah. He came to Jonathan and asked, “What have I done? What is my iniquity? How have I sinned against your father, that he wants to take my life?”

1 Samuel 20:1 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:2

“Far from it!” Jonathan replied. “You will not die. Indeed, my father does nothing, great or small, without telling me. So why would he hide this matter from me? This cannot be true!”

1 Samuel 20:2 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:3

But David again vowed, “Your father knows very well that I have found favor in your eyes, and he has said, ‘Jonathan must not know of this, or he will be grieved.’ As surely as the LORD lives and as you yourself live, there is but a step between me and death.”

1 Samuel 20:3 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:4

Then Jonathan said to David, “Whatever you desire, I will do for you.”

1 Samuel 20:4 · BSB

Whatsoever etc. or , Say what is thy mind , and I will do , etc

desireth Heb. speaketh , or thinketh

1 Samuel 20:5

So David told him, “Look, tomorrow is the New Moon, and I am supposed to dine with the king. Instead, let me go and hide in the field until the third evening from now.

1 Samuel 20:5 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:6

If your father misses me at all, tell him, ‘David urgently requested my permission to hurry to Bethlehem, his hometown, because there is an annual sacrifice for his whole clan.’

1 Samuel 20:6 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:7

If he says, ‘Good,’ then your servant is safe, but if he is enraged, you will know he has evil intentions.

1 Samuel 20:7 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:8

Therefore deal faithfully with your servant, for you have brought me into a covenant with you before the LORD. If there is iniquity in me, then kill me yourself; why should you bring me to your father?”

1 Samuel 20:8 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:9

“Never!” Jonathan replied. “If I ever found out that my father had evil intentions against you, would I not tell you?”

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1 Samuel 20:10

Then David asked Jonathan, “Who will tell me if your father answers you harshly?”

1 Samuel 20:10 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:12

and Jonathan said, “By the LORD, the God of Israel, I will sound out my father by this time tomorrow or the next day. If he is favorable toward you, will I not send for you and tell you?

1 Samuel 20:12 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:13

But if my father intends to bring evil on you, then may the LORD punish me, and ever so severely, if I do not tell you and send you on your way in safety. May the LORD be with you, just as He has been with my father.

1 Samuel 20:13 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:14

And as long as I live, treat me with the LORD’s loving devotion, that I may not die,

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1 Samuel 20:15

and do not ever cut off your loving devotion from my household—not even when the LORD cuts off every one of David’s enemies from the face of the earth.”

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1 Samuel 20:16

So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, “May the LORD hold David’s enemies accountable.”

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1 Samuel 20:17

And Jonathan had David reaffirm his vow out of love for him, for Jonathan loved David as he loved himself.

1 Samuel 20:17 · BSB

because he loved him or , by his love toward him

1 Samuel 20:18

Then Jonathan said to David, “Tomorrow is the New Moon, and you will be missed if your seat is empty.

1 Samuel 20:18 · BSB

and thou shalt Among the forms of salutation and compliment used in Persia , one was , according to my mode of notation in italics , Ja i shama khali bud pish yaran , signifying , Thy place or seat was empty among thy friends. This phrase , or the greater part of it , was frequently addressed to myself when coming into a circle of Persian acquaintances , after an absence of several days or weeks. It reminded me of a passage in the First book of Samuel . 1 Samuel 20 . 18. And thou shalt be missed , because thy seat will be empty. And again , David's place was empty." Sir W. Ouseley's Travels , vol i. preface , p.16.

empty Heb. missed

1 Samuel 20:19

When you have stayed three days, hurry down to the place you hid on the day this trouble began, and remain beside the stone Ezel.

1 Samuel 20:19 · BSB

quickly or , diligently , Heb. greatly

when the business Heb. in the day of the business

Ezel or , that sheweth the way.

1 Samuel 20:20

I will shoot three arrows to the side of it, as if I were aiming at a target.

1 Samuel 20:20 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:21

Then I will send a boy and say, ‘Go, find the arrows!’ Now, if I expressly say to him, ‘Look, the arrows are on this side of you; bring them,’ then come, because as surely as the LORD lives, it is safe for you and there is no danger.

1 Samuel 20:21 · BSB

no Heb. not any thing

1 Samuel 20:22

But if I say to the young man, ‘Look, the arrows are beyond you,’ then you must go, for the LORD has sent you away.

1 Samuel 20:22 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:23

And as for the matter you and I have discussed, the LORD is a witness between you and me forever.”

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1 Samuel 20:24

So David hid in the field, and when the New Moon had come, the king sat down to eat.

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1 Samuel 20:25

He sat in his usual place by the wall, opposite Jonathan and beside Abner, but David’s place was empty.

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1 Samuel 20:26

Saul said nothing that day because he thought, “Something has happened to David to make him ceremonially unclean—surely he is unclean.”

1 Samuel 20:26 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:27

But on the day after the New Moon, the second day, David’s place was still empty, and Saul asked his son Jonathan, “Why hasn’t the son of Jesse come to the meal either yesterday or today?”

1 Samuel 20:27 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:28

Jonathan answered, “David urgently requested my permission to go to Bethlehem,

1 Samuel 20:28 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:29

saying, ‘Please let me go, because our clan is holding a sacrifice in the city, and my brother has told me to be there. So now, if I have found favor in your eyes, please let me go and see my brothers.’ That is why he did not come to the king’s table.”

1 Samuel 20:29 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:30

Then Saul’s anger burned against Jonathan, and he said to him, “You son of a perverse and rebellious woman! Do I not know that you have chosen the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the disgrace of the mother who bore you?

1 Samuel 20:30 · BSB

and unto the This reflection on the mother of Jonathan , by the passionate monarch , reflects more dishonour on himself than on his brave and noble minded son. Mungo Park gives an instance of the prevalence of the same principles in Africa; for he says , "Maternal affection is every where conspicuous among the Africans , and creates a correspondent return of tenderness in the child. Strike me ,' said my attendant , but do not curse my mother.' I found the same sentiment to prevail universally in all parts of Africa." King Saul , unable to villify Jonathan to his own satisfaction by personal reproaches , outstepped the ordinary abuse of his day , and proceeded to that which was designed to produce unusual vexation , and vented the bitterness of his mind by maligning the character of his own wife and Jonathan's mother.

1 Samuel 20:31

For as long as the son of Jesse lives on this earth, neither you nor your kingship shall be established. Now send for him and bring him to me, for he must surely die!”

1 Samuel 20:31 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:32

“Why must he be put to death?” Jonathan replied. “What has he done?”

1 Samuel 20:32 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:33

Then Saul hurled his spear at Jonathan to kill him; so Jonathan knew that his father was determined to kill David.

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1 Samuel 20:34

Jonathan got up from the table in fierce anger and did not eat any food that second day of the month, for he was grieved by his father’s shameful treatment of David.

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1 Samuel 20:35

In the morning Jonathan went out to the field for the appointment with David, and a small boy was with him.

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1 Samuel 20:36

He said to the boy, “Run and find the arrows I shoot.” And as the boy ran, Jonathan shot an arrow beyond him.

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1 Samuel 20:38

Then Jonathan cried out, “Hurry! Make haste! Do not delay!” So the boy picked up the arrow and returned to his master.

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1 Samuel 20:39

But the boy did not know anything; only Jonathan and David knew the arrangement.

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1 Samuel 20:40

Then Jonathan gave his equipment to the boy and said, “Go, take it back to the city.”

1 Samuel 20:40 · BSB

artillery Heb. instruments , Rather weapons , as the word kelim also denotes; and here means the bow , quiver , and arrows. This is probably the only place in our language in which the word artillery is not applied to cannon or ordinance , but simply to weapons of war.

his lad Heb. the lad that was his

1 Samuel 20:41

When the young man had gone, David got up from the south side of the stone, fell facedown, and bowed three times. Then he and Jonathan kissed each other and wept together—though David wept more.

1 Samuel 20:41 · BSB

1 Samuel 20:42

And Jonathan said to David, “Go in peace, for the two of us have sworn in the name of the LORD, saying, ‘May the LORD be a witness between you and me, and between your descendants and mine forever.’” Then David got up and departed, and Jonathan went back into the city.

1 Samuel 20:42 · BSB