1 Samuel 14

1 Samuel 14:1

One day Jonathan son of Saul said to the young man bearing his armor, “Come, let us cross over to the Philistine outpost on the other side.” But Jonathan did not tell his father.

1 Samuel 14:1 · BSB

am 2917 , bc 1087 , An , Ex , Is 404

it came to pass upon a day or , there was a day

1 Samuel 14:2

Meanwhile, Saul was staying under the pomegranate tree in Migron on the outskirts of Gibeah. And the troops who were with him numbered about six hundred men,

1 Samuel 14:2 · BSB

a pomegranate The word rimmon , in Arabic romman , whence the Portuguese romaa , denotes the pomegranate , both tree and fruit; called by naturalists malus punica or malo-granatum. It is , according to the Linnean system , a genus of the icosandria monogynia class of plants; and is a low tree , growing very common in Palestine , and other parts of the East. It has several small angular boughs , very thick and bushy , covered with a reddish bark , and some of them armed with sharp thorns. They are garnished with small , narrow , spear-shaped leaves , like those of the myrtle , but not so sharp , of a green colour , inclining to red. Its blossoms are large , beautiful , of an elegant red colour , inclining to purple , composed of several stalks resembling a rose , in the hollow of the cup . this cup is oblong , hard , purple , having a figure somewhat like that of a bell. It is chiefly valued for its fruit , which is exceedingly beautiful , of the form and size of a large apple , with a reddish rind , and red within; being full of small kernels , with red grains , replenished with a generous liquor , of which , Sir John Chardin informs us , they still make considerable quantities of wine in the East , particularly in Persia. But as the pomegranate tree , from its low growth , is but little adapted for pitching a tent under , it is probable that Rimmon here is the name of the rock mentioned in Judges 20 . 45.

1 Samuel 14:3

including Ahijah, who was wearing an ephod. He was the son of Ichabod’s brother Ahitub son of Phinehas, the son of Eli the priest of the LORD in Shiloh. But the troops did not know that Jonathan had left.

1 Samuel 14:3 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:4

Now there were cliffs on both sides of the pass that Jonathan intended to cross to reach the Philistine outpost. One was named Bozez and the other Seneh.

1 Samuel 14:4 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:5

One cliff stood to the north toward Michmash, and the other to the south toward Geba.

1 Samuel 14:5 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:6

Jonathan said to the young man bearing his armor, “Come, let us cross over to the outpost of these uncircumcised men. Perhaps the LORD will work on our behalf. Nothing can hinder the LORD from saving, whether by many or by few.”

1 Samuel 14:6 · BSB

Come This action of Jonathan's was totally contrary to the laws of war; no military operation should be undertaken without the knowledge and command of the general. But it is highly probable , that this gallant man was led to undertake the hazardous enterprise by an immediate divine impulse; and by the same influence was kept from informing the soldiers , and even from consulting his father , who might have opposed his design.

1 Samuel 14:7

His armor-bearer replied, “Do all that is in your heart. Go ahead; I am with you heart and soul.”

1 Samuel 14:7 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:8

“Very well,” said Jonathan, “we will cross over toward these men and show ourselves to them.

1 Samuel 14:8 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:9

If they say, ‘Wait until we come to you,’ then we will stay where we are and will not go up to them.

1 Samuel 14:9 · BSB

Tarry Heb. Be still

1 Samuel 14:10

But if they say, ‘Come on up,’ then we will go up, because this will be our sign that the LORD has delivered them into our hands.”

1 Samuel 14:10 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:11

So the two of them showed themselves to the outpost of the Philistines, who exclaimed, “Look, the Hebrews are coming out of the holes in which they were hiding!”

1 Samuel 14:11 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:12

So the men of the outpost called out to Jonathan and his armor-bearer, “Come on up, and we will teach you a lesson!” “Follow me,” Jonathan told his armor-bearer, “for the LORD has delivered them into the hand of Israel.”

1 Samuel 14:12 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:13

So Jonathan climbed up on his hands and feet, with his armor-bearer behind him. And the Philistines fell before Jonathan, and his armor-bearer followed and finished them off.

1 Samuel 14:13 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:14

In that first assault, Jonathan and his armor-bearer struck down about twenty men over half an acre of land.

1 Samuel 14:14 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:15

Then terror struck the Philistines in the camp, in the field, and among all the people. Even those in the outposts and raiding parties trembled. Indeed, the earth quaked and panic spread from God.

1 Samuel 14:15 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:16

Now when Saul’s watchmen at Gibeah in Benjamin looked and saw the troops melting away and scattering in every direction,

1 Samuel 14:16 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:18

Then Saul said to Ahijah, “Bring the ark of God.” (For at that time it was with the Israelites.)

1 Samuel 14:18 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:19

While Saul was talking to the priest, the commotion in the Philistine camp continued to increase. So Saul said to the priest, “Withdraw your hand.”

1 Samuel 14:19 · BSB

noise or , tumult

1 Samuel 14:20

Then Saul and all his troops assembled and marched to the battle, and they found the Philistines in total confusion, with each man wielding the sword against his neighbor.

1 Samuel 14:20 · BSB

assembled themselves Heb. were cried together

1 Samuel 14:21

And the Hebrews who had previously gone up into the surrounding camps of the Philistines now went over to the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan.

1 Samuel 14:21 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:22

When all the Israelites who had been hiding in the hill country of Ephraim heard that the Philistines were fleeing, they also joined Saul and Jonathan in the battle.

1 Samuel 14:22 · BSB

the battle The LXX and Vulgate add here , ךבי נבע ן כבןע חם לופב בןץכ שע הוךב קיכיבהוע בםהסשם , Et erant cum Saul , quasi decem millia virorum. "And (all the people who were , LXX) there were with Saul about ten thousand men;" but this is supported by no other authority.

1 Samuel 14:23

So the LORD saved Israel that day, and the battle moved on beyond Beth-aven.

1 Samuel 14:23 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:24

Now the men of Israel were in distress that day, for Saul had placed the troops under an oath, saying, “Cursed is the man who eats any food before evening, before I have taken vengeance on my enemies.” So none of the troops tasted any food.

1 Samuel 14:24 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:25

Then all the troops entered the forest, and there was honey on the ground.

1 Samuel 14:25 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:26

And when they entered the forest and saw the flowing honey, not one of them put his hand to his mouth, because they feared the oath.

1 Samuel 14:26 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:27

Jonathan, however, had not heard that his father had charged the people with the oath. So he reached out the end of the staff in his hand, dipped it into the honeycomb, and put his hand to his mouth; and his eyes brightened.

1 Samuel 14:27 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:28

Then one of the soldiers told him, “Your father bound the troops with a solemn oath, saying, ‘Cursed is the man who eats food today.’ That is why the people are faint.”

1 Samuel 14:28 · BSB

faint or , weary

1 Samuel 14:29

“My father has brought trouble to the land,” Jonathan replied. “Just look at how my eyes have brightened because I tasted a little of this honey.

1 Samuel 14:29 · BSB

see It is well known , that hunger and fatigue produce faintness and dim the sight; and on taking a little food , this affection is immediately removed.

1 Samuel 14:30

How much better it would have been if the troops had eaten freely today from the plunder they took from their enemies! Would not the slaughter of the Philistines have been much greater?”

1 Samuel 14:30 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:31

That day, after the Israelites had struck down the Philistines from Michmash to Aijalon, the people were very faint.

1 Samuel 14:31 · BSB

from Michmash The distance , Calmet states to be three or four leagues.

1 Samuel 14:32

So they rushed greedily to the plunder, taking sheep, cattle, and calves. They slaughtered them on the ground and ate meat with the blood still in it.

1 Samuel 14:32 · BSB

the people The people having abstained from food the whole of the day , and being now faint through hunger and fatigue , they flew upon the cattle , and not taking time to bleed them properly , they eagerly devoured the flesh with the blood , directly contrary to the law . another bad effect of Saul's rash adjuration.

1 Samuel 14:33

Then someone reported to Saul: “Look, the troops are sinning against the LORD by eating meat with the blood still in it.” “You have broken faith,” said Saul. “Roll a large stone over here at once.”

1 Samuel 14:33 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:34

Then he said, “Go among the troops and tell them, ‘Each man must bring me his ox or his sheep, slaughter them in this place, and then eat. Do not sin against the LORD by eating meat with the blood still in it.’” So that night everyone brought his ox and slaughtered it there.

1 Samuel 14:34 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:35

Then Saul built an altar to the LORD; it was the first time he had built an altar to the LORD.

1 Samuel 14:35 · BSB

the same etc. Heb. that altar he began to build unto the Lord

1 Samuel 14:36

And Saul said, “Let us go down after the Philistines by night and plunder them until dawn, leaving no man alive!” “Do what seems good to you,” the troops replied. But the priest said, “We must consult God here.”

1 Samuel 14:36 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:37

So Saul inquired of God, “Shall I go down after the Philistines? Will You give them into the hand of Israel?” But God did not answer him that day.

1 Samuel 14:37 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:38

Therefore Saul said, “Come here, all you leaders of the troops, and let us investigate how this sin has occurred today.

1 Samuel 14:38 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:39

As surely as the LORD who saves Israel lives, even if it is my son Jonathan, he must die!” But not one of the troops said a word.

1 Samuel 14:39 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:40

Then Saul said to all Israel, “You stand on one side, and I and my son Jonathan will stand on the other side.” “Do what seems good to you,” the troops replied.

1 Samuel 14:40 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:41

So Saul said to the LORD, the God of Israel, “Why have You not answered Your servant this day? If the fault is with me or my son Jonathan, respond with Urim; but if the fault is with the men of Israel, respond with Thummim.” And Jonathan and Saul were selected, but the people were cleared of the charge.

1 Samuel 14:41 · BSB

Therefore Both the Septuagint and Vulgate add much to this #### Verse .

בי וינו בןץכ , ץסיו ן וןע ףסבחכ , פי ןפי ןץך בנוךסיטחע פש הןץכש ףןץ ףחלוסןם; וי ום ולןי ח ום שםבטבם פש ץיש לןץ ח בהיךיב , ץסיו ן וןע ףסבחכ הןע החכןץע ךבי ובם פבהו וינח , הןע הח פש כבש ףןץ ףסבחכ , הןע הח ןףיןפחפב , ך.פ.כ.

Et dixit Saul ad Dominum Deum Israel; Domine Deus Israel da indicium quid est quod non responderis servo tuo hodie? Si in me , aut in Jonatha filio meo est iniquitas hec , da ostensionem. Aut si hec iniquitas est in populo tuo , da sanctitatem , etc.

And Saul said (to the Lord God of Israel , Vulg.) Lord God of Israel (give a sign , Vulg.). Why is it that thou has not answered thy servant today? If the iniquity be in me , or in my son Jonathan , (O Lord God of Israel , LXX) make it manifest; and if thou say thus , give to thy people Israel , give mercy , etc. , (but Vulg. Or , if this iniquity be in thy people , give sanctification ," etc.)

escaped Heb. went forth

1 Samuel 14:42

Then Saul said, “Cast the lot between me and my son Jonathan.” And Jonathan was selected.

1 Samuel 14:42 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:43

“Tell me what you have done,” Saul commanded him. So Jonathan told him, “I only tasted a little honey with the end of the staff that was in my hand. And now I must die?”

1 Samuel 14:43 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:44

And Saul declared, “May God punish me, and ever so severely, if you, Jonathan, do not surely die!”

1 Samuel 14:44 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:45

But the people said to Saul, “Must Jonathan die—he who accomplished such a great deliverance for Israel? Never! As surely as the LORD lives, not a hair of his head will fall to the ground, for with God’s help he has accomplished this today.” So the people rescued Jonathan, and he did not die.

1 Samuel 14:45 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:46

Then Saul gave up his pursuit of the Philistines, and the Philistines returned to their own land.

1 Samuel 14:46 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:47

After Saul had assumed the kingship over Israel, he fought against all his enemies on every side—the Moabites, the Ammonites, the Edomites, the kings of Zobah, and the Philistines. Wherever he turned, he routed them.

1 Samuel 14:47 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:48

He fought valiantly and defeated the Amalekites, delivering Israel from the hands of its plunderers.

1 Samuel 14:48 · BSB

gathered an host or , wrought mightily

1 Samuel 14:49

Now the sons of Saul were Jonathan, Ishvi, and Malchishua. His two daughters were named Merab (his firstborn) and Michal (his younger daughter).

1 Samuel 14:49 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:50

His wife’s name was Ahinoam daughter of Ahimaaz. The name of the commander of his army was Abner, the son of Saul’s uncle Ner.

1 Samuel 14:50 · BSB

Abner Heb. Abiner

1 Samuel 14:51

Saul’s father Kish and Abner’s father Ner were sons of Abiel.

1 Samuel 14:51 · BSB

1 Samuel 14:52

And the war with the Philistines was fierce for all the days of Saul. So whenever he noticed any strong or brave man, Saul would enlist him.

1 Samuel 14:52 · BSB